Journal of Mani Chettha Ram Wat Chommani

TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP AFFECT TO EFFECTIVE ACADEMIC MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATOR UNDER PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 3

Pongpanit Kananam, Benjawan Srimarut, Sirirat Tongmeesri — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to: 1) study the technology leadership and examine the effectiveness of academic administration conducted by school administrators, 2) explore the relationship between technology leadership and effective academic administration, 3) develop a predictive equation of technology leadership influencing effective academic administration, and 4) propose development guidelines for enhancing technology leadership that promotes effective academic administration. The samples were 331 teachers and school administrators determined using Krejcie and Morgan's. The research instruments used to collect data were a rating scale questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of .959 and an interview form. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis.

The research findings revealed that: 1) The technology leadership affect of school directors had a significantly positive correlation at a high level overall and The effective academic administration were also at a high level overall. 2) The relationship between technological leadership and effective academic administration had a significantly positive correlation at a high level overall. 3) The technology leadership affect of school directors that could predict effective academic administration having the predictive power of 85 percents with statistical significance level of .01, and 4) The development guidelines for school directors include demonstrating a clear technological vision, formulating responsive policies, integrating technology into learning and management practices, fostering an ethical digital culture among teachers and students, serving as role models in technology usage, promoting the use of technology in evaluation, educational supervision, and instructional coaching, allocating appropriate budgets, improving infrastructure, supporting professional development, and implementing data-driven decision-making to elevate educational standards in the digital era sustainably.

GUIDELINES ON APARIHANIYA-DHAMMA-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL POLITICIANS

Khwankaew Chaiyaphum, Sukkaphat Anonjarn — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to: 1) study the Seven Principles of Non-decline Aparihaniya-Dhamma 7 in Buddhism, 2) examine the current conditions, problems, and needs regarding the development of local politicians in Loei Municipality, and 3) propose development guidelines based on the principles of Aparihaniya-Dhamma 7. A mixed-methods approach was employed. The quantitative sample consisted of 297 municipal personnel, while the qualitative data were collected from 29 key informants, including local politicians and stakeholders. Data were gathered using questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and descriptive analysis.

The research findings revealed that: 1) The Seven Principles of Aparihaniya-Dhamma 7 include regular meetings, unity in meetings, adherence to rules and regulations, listening to opinions and respecting elders, honoring and protecting women, preserving cultural traditions, and safeguarding rightful values. 2) Identified problems included prolonged meetings, lack of coordination, legal and procedural challenges in enacting municipal regulations, and limited public participation due to inaccessible channels. The overall level of development needs was moderate () = 3.53, S.D. = 0.21. The highest development need was improving meeting coordination, while the lowest was honoring and protecting women. And 3) Development guidelines for local politicians based on the seven principles involve organizing regular and well-structured meetings, adhering to legal frameworks, respecting public and senior opinions, promoting equality, supporting local culture, conserving historical sites, and encouraging Buddhist activities. Emphasis is placed on public participation and applying Dhamma principles in daily life.

STUDENTS' RESILIENCE PROMOTION BASED ON GHARAVASADHAMMA: A CASE STUDY OF STUDENTS AT SATRI THUNG SONG SCHOOL, THUNG SONG DISTRICT, NAKHON SI THAMMARAT PROVINCE

Suparat chouchum, Phrametheevachirapirat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This thesis has the following objectives: 1) to study the concept of the theory of promoting mental toughness, 2) to study the principles of secularism that promote students’ mental toughness: a case study of students at Thung Song Girls’ School, Thung Song District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, and 3) to promote students’ mental toughness according to the principles of secularism: a case study of students at Thung Song Girls’ School, Thung Song District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. This is a qualitative research. The population used in the research was divided into 3 groups: (1) a group of Buddhist academics, 5 persons; (2) a group of executives/teachers, 5 persons; and (3) a group of parents and students 5 persons. Data were collected by using a structured in-depth interview with purposive sampling, with 15 persons. Data from the interviews of key informants were analyzed according to the research objectives. Descriptive content analysis techniques were also employed in the research context, reducing redundant text and trying to preserve the original wording as much as possible.

The results of the research found that :

1) Promoting students' mental strength has 4 components: feeling good about themselves, being able to manage their lives; It can be promoted through family institutions and educational institutions using the principle of "home, temple, school" to promote the psychological strength of students.

2) Secular Dharma Principles: There are 4 components, namely Truth, Dharma, Kanti, and Jaka, which are the principles of life of monks who want to change themselves by using the Secular Dharma principles as a help to promote mental strength so that they can solve problems and obstacles in life.

3) Promoting students' mental strength with secular principles can be promoted. 3.1) Feel good about yourself with secular principles, encourage students to see their own value with love and attention from family members, people around them, or put themselves in what they are good at or interested in. 3.3) Have a relationship supported by secular principles, encourage students to be people who keep their words and know how to sacrifice for themselves and others. Encourage students to set goals in life and be patient with the set goals until they succeed.

DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES FOR LEARNING WITH HAPPINESS OF THE STUDENTS IN THE SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE SUPHANBURI

Sirinthra Sangsiri, Prayoon Bunchai, Pornthep Ruphan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed (1) to study the state of happy learning among students under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Suphanburi, and (2) to propose guidelines for developing happy learning among these students. The research was conducted in two phases. In Phase 1, the study examined the current state of happy learning using a sample of 335 students selected through multi-stage sampling. The research instrument had a reliability coefficient of .976. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics: percentage, mean, and standard deviation. In Phase 2, guidelines for developing happy learning were explored through interviews with seven key informants, including educational administrators, school principals, heads of student support systems, and students, selected by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

The results revealed that: (1) the overall state of happy learning among students was at a high level. Among the aspects studied, the highest mean score was in the aspect of teacher kindness and friendliness. (2) The proposed guidelines for developing happy learning comprised six key aspects with a total of 59 items: (1) acceptance (8 items), (2) teacher kindness and friendliness (18 items), (3) self-love and pride (5 items), (4) learning based on interest (10 items), (5) enjoyable and stimulating lessons (10 items), and (6) application of lessons to daily life (8 items).

CREATIVE LEADERSHIP OF THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS KHLONG NAM LAI SCHOOL GROUP PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE KAMPHAENG PHET PROVINCE AREA 2

Witthawat Changboonmee, Jaruwon Gansab — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of the research were to 1) To study the creative leadership of school administrators in the group. Khlong Nam Lai School, Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office, District 2 and 2) Find the way Development of Creative Leadership of School Administrators, Khlong Nam Lai School Group, Step 1 Keep Population data used in the research are teachers in educational institutions, Khlong Nam Lai School Group, 114 teachers, using the entire population in the research, and step 2 collected qualitative data, informants. 9 persons, the instruments used as questionnaires had confidence values. .96 and Structured Interviews. Analysis of data using frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, and content analysis.

The findings of the research indicated that;

The creative leadership of school administrators in the Khlong Nam Lai School Group, Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 ; The overall level was at a high level with an average value of 4.47. When considering each aspect, it was found that teamwork had an average value of 4.51, flexibility had an average value of 4.48, motivation had an average value of 4.47, vision had an average value of 4.47, and imagination had an average value of 4.44.
The development approaches to creative leadership of school administrators

of a school group of Khlong Nam Lai School under Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 comprised 5 aspects; that is vision, flexibility, imagination, motivation, and team building. In all 5 aspects, they contained 39 development approaches to creative leadership.

GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING OMNOISOPHONCHANUPATHAM SCHOOL TOWARDS BECOMING A HAPPY SCHOOL

Thanyaluk tanasing, Nuchnara Rattanasiraprapha — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this study were to investigate: 1) the school of happiness level and 2) the guidelines for developing into a happy school. The population consisted of 80 school administrators and government teachers at Omnoi Sophonchanupatham School. The research instrument was a questionnaire on opinions regarding being a happy school. The statistical methods employed for data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

The findings were revealed the following:

The Omnoi Sophonchanupatham School was a school of happiness in general at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that being a happy school is at a high level in two aspects: process and people.
The developmental guidelines to become a school of happiness are multi-disciplinary. The key strategies are outlined as follows: For the process aspect 1) Support for the implementation of flexible and diverse teaching approaches; 2) Balanced and fair workload management; 3) Promotion of teamwork and unity within the school; and 4) Psychological well-being of both students and teachers should be addressed. For the people aspect 1) School administrators should prioritize fair and transparent decision-making processes and ensure equitable task delegation to teachers; 2) Continuous support for teachers in lesson planning and instructional improvement should be provided; 3) Teachers should adapt teaching methods to accommodate student diversity and interests; and 4) Teachers should emphasize individualized guidance to help students reach their full potential. For the environment aspect 1) School administrators should adopt a leadership democratic management style that values inclusive participation; 2) A safe and bully-free environment should be established; 3) Promotion of health, hygiene, and nutrition should be prioritized.

THE PARTICIPATIVE ADMINISTRATION OF ADMINISTRATORS AND TEACHERS AT OMNOISOPHONCHANUPATHAM SCHOOL UNDER THE SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE SAMUT SAKHON SAMUT SONGKHRAM

Philaiporn Chantharapiphop, Sanguan Inrak — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed 1) The Participative Administration of Administrators and Teachers at Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram. 2)A comparative analysis of Participative Administration of Administrators and Teachers at Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram, categorized by gender, age, educational qualifications, job positions, and work experience in their current positions. The sample group consists of 73 administrators and teachers from Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram. The research instrument used is a oppinionaire on Participative Administration of Administrators and Teachers at Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram, based on the concepts of Cohen and Uphoff. The statistics used to analyze the data were frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe's Test.

Research Findings

The overall participative Administration of Administrators and Teachers at Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram is at the highest level. When considering specific aspects, it was found that the Participative Administration of Administrators and Teachers at Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram at the highest level in one aspect: supervision, monitoring, and evaluation. It is at a high level in three aspects, ranked in descending order of arithmetic mean: decision-making, implementation, and benefit reception.
The comparative analysis of the Participative Administration of Administrators and Teachers at Omnoisophonchanupatham School Under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Samut Sakhon Samut Songkhram, categorized by gender, age, educational qualifications, job positions, and work experience in their current positions, reveals no significant differences.

The ROLE OF ADMINISTRATORS IN PROMOTING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS UNDER ANGSILA SCHOOLS NETWORK GROUP 4, UBON RATCHATHANI PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 3

Danangelo Bunlong, Methavee Chotchaipong, Charoenwit Sompongtham — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study: 1) The role of administrators in promoting information and communication technologies in educational institutions. and 2) Study the development of administrators' roles in promoting information and communication technology in educational institutions. The sample group used in the study was 115 administrators and teachers. The sample group was determined using Taro Yamane's formula. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability of .958. In order to analyze the data, percentages, means, standard deviations, and content analysis were used.

The following results were found: 1) The role of educational institution administrators in information and communication technology management that affects school administration is generally practiced at a high level. 2) Guidelines for developing the role of administrators in promoting information and communication technology in educational institutions are as follows: (1) There should be a clear plan and determination of information technology policies in the educational institution that are consistent with its vision, mission, and goals when it comes to internal management. (2) It is crucial that the educational institution procures and installs the necessary and sufficient technology equipment. (3) To develop students' learning in a modern manner, teachers need to be continuously trained to use technology for teaching and learning. (4) Online learning resources should be up-to-date, interesting, and easily accessible in order to facilitate the learning process. (5) As far as learning resources are concerned, digital resources should be developed and created so that teachers and students can easily access content. (6) For equipment and technology support, there should be cooperation between the public, private, and community sectors. The results of this study can be applied to systematically establishing ICT policies in primary educational institutions.

THE EFFECTS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING MANAGEMENT SUPPLEMENTAL WITH DESIGN THINKING APPROACH MATHEMATIC THINKING PROCESS SKILLS AND LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF GRADE 5 STUDENTS

Phonwilai Wichiankue, Sutthida Chanduang, Chatchai Muangpatom — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to compare the mathematical process skills and students’ learning achievement of Grade 5 students before and after learning through project-based learning (PBL) enhanced with design thinking and compare the mathematical process skills and students’ learning achievement with the 70% criterion; The sample consisted of 12 Grade 5 students from Ban Dong Pattana School, Chaiwan District, Udon Thani Province, under the Office of Udon Thani Primary Educational Service Area 3, during the second semester of the 2024 academic year. The sample was selected using purposive sampling because the population used in this experiment is a small school in the Chaiwan School Group. which are similar in terms of number of students community context and the abilities of students with mixed abilities, good, medium, and weak. The research instruments included (1) five lesson plans based on PBL enhanced with design thinking, each lasting four hours, (2) an achievement test on triangles, and (3) a mathematical process skills assessment (adopted from the Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology, IPST). The data were analyzed using mean, percentage, standard deviation, Dependent Samples t-test, and One Sample t-test.

The results of the study revealed that students’ mathematical process skills after the learning intervention ( = 3.17) were significantly higher than before the intervention ( = 1.63). Similarly, their academic achievement scores after learning ( = 33.25) were higher than the pre-learning scores ( = 27.88).

Furthermore, both the mathematical process skills ( = 3.72) and academic achievement ( = 35.42) post-intervention were significantly higher than the 70% benchmark, with statistical significance at the .05 level.

These findings indicate that project-based learning enhanced with design thinking is an effective instructional approach that supports student development across multiple dimensions, including academic skills, critical thinking abilities, and life skills.

This qualitative research analyzed errors in Thai-to-Japanese translation among 25 third-year Japanese language major students at Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Rajabhat University, enrolled in the Thai-Japanese Translation course (1563304) during the first semester of academic year 2023. The study focused on word order, particle usage, and verb conjugation errors, utilizing three sets of Thai-to-Japanese translation exercises as research instruments. Data were analyzed using content analysis and the Skopostheorie framework. The findings revealed that students made errors in all three areas. Word order errors were the most prevalent (42.45%), followed by particle usage (31.04%) and verb conjugation (26.51%). The primary causes included negative transfer from Thai sentence structure, confusion with similar particles, and inaccuracies in verb conjugation. Analysis using Skopostheorie indicated that most students prioritized literal translation accuracy over contextual meaning. These results highlight the need to improve Thai-to-Japanese translation instruction by emphasizing comparative grammar, practicing context-aware translation for word order, particle usage, and verb conjugation, and fostering an understanding of translation purpose (Skopos).

Taro Saito, Chieochan Sapsurit — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This qualitative research aimed to analyze errors in Thai-to-Japanese translation among third-year Japanese language major students at Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Rajabhat University, focusing on word order, particle usage, and verb conjugation. The study sample comprised 25 students enrolled in the Thai-Japanese Translation course (1563304) during the first semester of the academic year 2023. The research instruments included three sets of Thai-to-Japanese translation exercises and in-depth interviews with five students. Data were analyzed using content analysis, and the Skopostheorie framework was employed to understand the students' translation aims (Skopos).

The findings revealed that students made errors in all three areas of focus. Word order errors were the most prevalent (42.45%), followed by particle usage errors (31.04%) and verb conjugation errors (26.51%). The primary causes of these errors were negative transfer of Thai sentence structure to Japanese, a lack of understanding regarding the functions and usage principles of Japanese particles, confusion in choosing between particles with similar meanings, and a lack of accuracy in memorizing verb conjugation patterns and rules according to tense and sentence form. Furthermore, the analysis based on the Skopostheorie framework indicated that most students prioritized literal translation accuracy over considering the meaning, context, and target audience, reflecting a lack of systematic translation experience.

These research findings highlight the need for improvements in Thai-to-Japanese translation instruction. It is recommended that emphasis be placed on comparative grammar instruction between Thai and Japanese, practicing translation of complex sentence structures, designing exercises that promote understanding of word order, particle usage, and verb conjugation. Additionally, cultivating students' awareness of the "purpose" (Skopos) in translation and training them to translate with consideration for context and appropriateness is crucial. Applying these research findings to improve teaching and learning will help students develop better Thai-to-Japanese translation skills and produce graduates with effective translation abilities for the future.

Keywords: Thai-Japanese Translation, Translation Errors, Word Order, Particle Usage, Verb Conjugation, Skopostheorie

ANALYZING BELIEF IN NAGA AND THE PROCESS OF CREATING CULTURAL IDENTITY BY BUDDHIST WAY FOR COMMUNITY IN THE MEKONG BASIN

Sasithorn Bootdee, Phrakru Phisalsarbunthit, Phramaha Paitoon Siritammo — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research has the following objectives are: 1) to study the beliefs and relationships associated with the Naga in Theravada Buddhism, 2) to explore the beliefs and influences of the Naga on the Buddhist way of life and culture among Mekong River communities and 3) to analyze the belief in Nagas and the process of creating Cultural Identity by Buddhist Way for Community in the Mekong Basin. This is qualitative research by collecting data from the field, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The main informants consisted of monks, local scholars, and people from the Mekong River Basin, totaling 27 people. The tools used for data collection were in-depth interviews and content analysis. The research results found that:

Beliefs and relationships associated with the Naga in Theravada Buddhism regarding in past lives, when the Buddha was still a Bodhisattva, he was born as a Naga and practiced asceticism and observed the Uposatha precepts to accumulate merit until he could transcend the Naga form. The causes of being born as a Naga stem from two types of karma: wholesome and unwholesome, just as with humans, deities, and all living beings.
Beliefs and the Influence of Naga Narratives on the Buddhist Way-of-Life Culture in the Mekong River Communities, the key components are: 1) Faith in Buddhism 2) Belief in Nagas and 3) Legends/Folktales and Culture/Traditions.
Analysis of Naga Belief and the Process of Cultural Identity Formation in the Buddhist Way of Life of the Mekong River Communities.The process occurs through six steps: 1) Self-awareness and historical consciousness 2) Cultural transmission and preservation 3) Relationship building 4) Community participation 5) Fostering cultural pride and 6) Tradition-based cultural management. These reflect the identity and cultural values of the communities along the Mekong River, particularly in Nong Khai, Bueng Kan, and Nakhon Phanom provinces.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLS INTO LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS THE NA BO KHAM SCHOOLS GROUP UNDER KAMPHAENG PHET PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 1

Siriya Changboonmee, Jaruwon Gansub — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) To study the development status of learning organizations in the Naborkham School Group, under the Office of Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area 1, and 2) find a guideline for developing educational institutions into learning organizations in the Nabokham School Group. Step 1 collected quantitative data. The population used in the research was administrators and teachers in the Nabokham School Group, totaling 71 people, using the total population in the research. Step 2 collected qualitative data from 9 informants. The instruments used were questionnaires with a reliability of .98 and structured interviews. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

The findings of the research indicated that;

The development of educational institutions into learning organizations of the Naborkham School Group, Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, overall and in each aspect, is at the highest level, namely, the aspect of using technology, followed by the aspect of systematic thinking, the aspect of having a thought plan, the aspect of having a shared vision, the aspect of learning as a team, and the aspect with the lowest average rank, namely, being a knowledgeable person.
The development approaches to the school as learning organization of

a school group of Naborkham School under Kamphaeng Phet Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 contained 6 aspects; that is personal mastery, mental model shared vision, team learning, system thinking, and technology utilization that included 50 development approaches in total.

PERCEPTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS OF PERSONNELS TOWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF GOVERNMENT 4.0: A CASE STUDY OF THE DIRECTORATE OF CIVIL AFFAIRS, ROYAL THAI AIR FORCE

Napasorn Prasertwong, Pornphan Hemaphan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research has 3 objectives: 1) to explain the level of opinions on
the development of Government 4.0 initiative among the personnel of
the Directorate of Civil Affairs, Royal Thai Air Force 2) to compare the factors that affect the development towards the Government 4.0 initiative, classified
by personal factors. 3) to explore the relationship between the perception
and expectations of the personnel and the Government 4.0. The sample consisted of 200 personnel of the Directorate of Civil Affairs, Royal Thai Air Force by proportional stratified random sampling. The questionnaires were used, along with the content validity and reliability were tested. The results were analyzed by statistical software. Descriptive statistics were presented in Percentage, Mean, and Standard Deviation, while inferential statistics were T-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.

The results showed 1) the opinions towards the Government 4.0 initiative of the personnel of the Directorate of Civil Affairs, Royal Thai Air Force was
at a high level. 2) Personal factors affecting the development of the organization towards the Government 4.0 initiative were solely work experience, whereas genders, ages, education levels, and departmental affiliation had no statistical difference at .05 significance level. 3) In considering the correlation,
that perceptions of the personnel had a positively low association with
the Government 4.0 initiative. As assumed, all aspects of expectations, had
a positively moderate relationship with Government 4.0 initiative. To pursue sustainable organizational transformation towards the successful Government 4.0 initiative, the organization should emphasize incorporating the four aspects
of Government 4.0 into the needs and expectations of the personnel.

FACTORS AND GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING ETHICAL LEADERSHIP OF ADMINISTRATORS TO ENHANCE TEACHERS' PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN THE AYUTTHAYA PRIMARY EDUCATION SERVICE AREA OFFICE 1

Krongklung Bumrungveth, Jantarat Phutiariyawat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This quantitative study investigated the interplay between school principals’ ethical leadership and teachers’ psychological safety in primary schools under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The objectives were to (1) determine the levels of principals’ ethical leadership and teachers’ psychological safety; (2) examine the relationships between teachers’ personal factors and their psychological safety; (3) test the association between principals’ ethical leadership and teachers’ psychological safety; and (4) identify the combined influence of teachers’ personal factors and principals’ ethical leadership on teachers’ psychological safety. The sample comprised 320 public‑school teachers selected through multi‑stage sampling based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Data were collected with a five‑point Likert questionnaire whose reliability coefficient was 0.98. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression) were employed for analysis.

Findings indicated that principals’ ethical leadership was rated at a very high level, while teachers’ overall psychological safety was high. Teachers’ gender and age were weakly but significantly related to psychological safety (p < .05). Principals’ ethical leadership showed a moderate positive correlation with teachers’ psychological safety (p < .05). Together, teachers’ personal factors and principals’ ethical leadership accounted for 64.30 percent of the variance in psychological safety (p < .05), with age, justice, and caring emerging as significant predictors.

Effect of Knowledge-based Live Streamers’ Features on Undergraduate’s Purchase Intention in Private Universities of Jinan, China

Lingling Li , Aitporn Gerdruang — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The research objectives are to (1) explore the impact of features of knowledge-based live streamers on undergraduate’s flow experience in the context of live streaming; (2) explore the impact of knowledge-based live streamers’ features on undergraduate’s purchase intention; (3) explore the impact of flow experience on undergraduate’s purchase intention; (4) explore the mediating role of flow experience between the features of knowledge-based live streamers and undergraduate’s purchase intention. To achieve these objectives, quantitative research was adopted in this research. A total of 425 students from five private universities of Jinan, China, participated in the survey by stratified sampling. Data was analyzed using a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach to test the research hypotheses.

The research findings showed that (1) the features of knowledge-based live streamers had significant influence on undergraduate’s flow experience; (2) the features of knowledge-based live streamers had significant influence on undergraduate’s purchase intention; (3) the flow experience had significant impact on undergraduate’s purchase intention; (4) the flow experience played a mediating role in the influence of knowledge-based e-commerce live streamers on undergraduate’s purchase intention. Overall, this study not only enriches the theoretical understanding of consumer psychological mechanism in the e-commerce live streaming but also offers empirical evidence for the e-commerce live streaming industry to better meet consumer psychological needs, promoting sustainable development of the e-commerce live streaming industry in Jinan and beyond.

THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF INNOVATION PERFORMANCE OF CHINESE MSMEs IN THE INTERNET INDUSTRY BASED ON AMO THEORY MODEL - A CASE STUDY OF HENAN PROVINCE

Aitporn Gerdruang, Yibo Zhang — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research article aims to explore factors influencing innovation performance in China's Internet MSMEs, focusing on Henan Province. A random online survey of 401 grassroots employees in Henan's Internet MSMEs reveals key insights: employee innovation motivation and ability significantly impact enterprise innovation performance, with enhanced ability boosting motivation. An organizational innovation atmosphere moderates the relationship between employee ability and enterprise performance, highlighting employees' central role in innovation. Findings confirm that leveraging employee-side factors motivation, ability, and innovation atmospheres offers theoretical and practical guidance for MSMEs. By focusing on these elements under resource constraints, Internet MSMEs can achieve breakthroughs in competitive markets through targeted innovative reforms.

DEVELOPING LEARNING MANAGEMENT A PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF POLYA JOINS WITH THE GEOGEBRA PROGRAM THAT PROMOTES PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITY MATHEMATICAL OF MATHAYOM 4 STUDENTS

Narisara Phoochalong, Montree Wongsaphan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research is to 1) develop a learning management using Polya problem-solving process in conjunction with GeoGebra program for Mathayom 4 students to achieve the efficiency of 70/70 criteria, 2) to compare the mathematics problem-solving ability of Mathayom 4 students with the 70 percent criteria, 3) to compare the academic achievement of Mathayom 4 students with the 70 percent criteria, and 4) to study the satisfaction of Mathayom 4 students with the learning management. The sample consisted of 39 Mathayom 4 students studying Mathematics in the 2024 academic year, selected by cluster random sampling. The instruments used were 1) a learning management plan on Functions using Polya problem-solving process in conjunction with GeoGebra program, 2) a mathematics problem-solving ability test, 3) a mathematics problem-solving achievement test, and 4) a learning satisfaction measure. The statistics used were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and One Sample t-test for hypothesis testing.

The research results found that: ) the learning activities were effective at 82.74/75.73, which was effective according to the criteria of 70/70. 2) After receiving the learning management, students had the ability to solve mathematical problems higher than the criteria of 70 percent with statistical significance at the .01 level. 3) After receiving the learning management, students had mathematical learning achievement higher than the criteria of 70 percent with statistical significance at the .01 level. 4) Students had the highest level of overall satisfaction with the learning management.

ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT OF THE GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS AT THE OFFICE OF PERMANENT SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF JUSTICE : JOB DESIGN AND ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE

Thidarat Kovittaya; Pornphan Hemaphan (Author) — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study has 3 objectives: 1) To describe the level of organizational commitment of the Government Officials at the Office of Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Justice 2) To compare personal factors that affect Organizational Commitment of the Government Officials at the Office of Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Justice and 3) To investigate the relationship between Organizational Climate and Job Design with Organizational Commitment of the Government Officials at the Office of Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Justice. A sample of 183 government officials of the Office of Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Justice was selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The results revealed that: 1) The overall level of Organizational Commitment of the Government Officials at the Office of Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Justice was high. Among the three dimensions, continuance commitment had the highest mean score, followed by effort and dedication toward the organization. 2) Hypothesis testing showed that the personal factor of age had a statistically significant difference in organizational commitment at the significance level of .05 level, while other personal factors such as gender, educational level, monthly income, and tenure showed no statistically significant differences. Furthermore, organizational climate and job design were found to have a moderate positive correlation with organizational commitment at significance level of .01 Therefore, the organization should develop various types of job design in association with generational differences and foster a supportive organizational climate in order to enhance work efficiency and strengthen organizational commitment.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP OF DIGITAL ERA SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS AND JOB PERFORMANCE MOTIVATION OF TEACHERS UNDER ANGSILA SCHOOLS NETWORK GROUP 4, UBON RATCHATHANI PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 3

Sarinyarat Suwannaphrom, Surangkana Manyanon , Surasak Labmala — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study the leadership of school administrators in the digital age and teachers’ motivation and to study the relationship between the leadership of school administrators in the digital age and teachers’ motivation in the network of educational institutions 4, Ang Sila, Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office 3. The sample consisted of 107 teachers from schools in the 4th Ang Sila Educational Network, Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office 3, obtained by stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability value of .95. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient.

The following results were found: 1) The leadership of school administrators in the digital age within the 4th Ang Sila educational network, Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office 3, is generally practiced at a high level. 2) Teachers' motivation of educational institutions in Ang Sila, Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office 3 exhibited a high level of motivation overall. 3) The correlation between the leadership level of administrators in digital era educational institutions and the motivation of teachers within the educational institutions network. The analysis of the data from Ang Sila, Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office 3 indicates a very high level of positive relationship (r = .902), with statistical significance at the .01 level. Administrators can apply this to promote teachers' motivation to work in the digital age.

A STUDY ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND MARKETING FACTORS IN THE CONSUMPTION OF ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN POWDER AMONG HEALTH-CONSCIOUS CONSUMERS IN MUEANG DISTRICT, KHON KAEN PROVINCE.

Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to: 1) investigate the protein powder consumption behavior of health-conscious consumers; 2) examine factors influencing the purchasing decision process of health-conscious consumers; and 3) compare factors influencing the purchasing decision process among health-conscious consumers in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province. Data were collected from a population of 400 protein powder consumers in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, using a stratified random sampling method. Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used for data analysis. Hypothesis testing involved the t-test and one-way ANOVA with LSD post-hoc analysis.

The research findings revealed the following: For Objective 1), the majority of respondents were male (119 individuals), aged 20-29 years, held a bachelor's degree (97 individuals), and had a monthly income of 30,001-50,000 baht. Most consumed protein 3-5 times per week, showed high interest (96 individuals), placed significant importance on standard certification (193 individuals), strongly agreed on the importance of nutritional value commensurate with price (168 individuals), and expressed the highest satisfaction with their chosen product (67 individuals). For Objective 2), the factors influencing the purchasing decision process (4Ps) for protein powder among health-conscious consumers in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, were found to be at a high overall level of agreement. When examining individual aspects, Price had the highest mean score, followed by Product, while Promotion had the lowest mean score. For Objective 3), the comparative analysis of factors influencing the purchasing decision process, categorized by gender, age, education level, occupation, and average monthly income, revealed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level.

A CONSTRUCTION DIAGNOSTIC TEST ON HOMEOSTASIS FOR MATHAYOMSUKSA 4 STUDENTS UNDER UDON THANI SECONDARY EDUCATION SERVICE AREA OFFICE.

Maneeya Surach, Naraphon Bunson — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research were to 1) develop a diagnostic test to identify learning deficiencies in biological science on the topic of homeostasis in the human body; 2) evaluate the quality of the diagnostic test for identifying learning deficiencies; and 3) create a user manual for administering the diagnostic test. The sample consisted of 678 Grade 10 students under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Udon Thani, selected through multi-stage sampling. The research instruments included: 1) a test for surveying learning deficiencies, 2) the diagnostic test for identifying learning deficiencies, and 3) the diagnostic test user manual. Data were analyzed using statistical methods including percentage, mean, content validity index, discrimination index, difficulty index, and reliability.

The research findings were as follows:

The development of a diagnostic test to identify learning deficiencies in biological science on the topic of homeostasis in the human body consisted of 40 items. The quality of the diagnostic test showed content validity (IOC) ranging from 0.60 to 1.00, item discrimination index (B) ranging from 0.22 to 0.56, difficulty index (p) ranging from 0.47 to 0.75, and a reliability coefficient (r_cc) of 0.85.
The analysis of the causes of learning deficiencies revealed five main issues across six learning objectives: 1) inability to distinguish content (32.04%), 2) lack of content understanding (25.11%), 3) inability to recall content (21.55%), 4) inability to analyze content (11.72%), and 5) inability to interpret meaning (9.58%).

3. The development of the user manual for the diagnostic test included the objectives, structure of the test, test quality, time required for administration, scoring procedures, and diagnostic interpretation. All items in the manual passed the evaluation for appropriateness

THE EFFECTS OF TASK - BASED LEARNING ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT OF GRADE 7 STUDENTS.

Ong-on Sermklam, Neti Chaloeywares , Suwattana Sanguanrat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were 1) to compare the English language achievement of Grade 7 students before and after learning by using task-based learning and 2) to study the satisfaction towards learning English of Grade 7 students by using task-based learning. The sample of this research consisted of Grade 7 students in the first semester of the 2024 academic year of 20 at Ban Hualam School, It was collected through cluster random sampling. The research instrument included 1) 4 lesson plans within 12 hours by using task-based learning with the most appropriate quality. 2) English learning achievement test with 4 multiple choices, totaling 30 questions with degree of difficulty between 0.40 and 0.59, the index of discrimination between 0.30 and 0.63, and a reliability coefficient of 0.80 and 3) the Likert scale questionnaire on satisfaction towards learning English, totaling 20 questions, with a reliability coefficient of 0.89. Statistics used for data analysis were average, standard deviation, and dependent sample t test.

The research findings were as follows:

1) Grade 7 students’ learning achievement of English after learning by using task-based learning was significantly higher than before learning at the statistical level 0.5 and 2) Grade 7 students’ satisfaction towards learning English by using task-based learning in overall was high.

THE SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER NONG KHAI PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 1

Ranu Chansema, Chissanapong Sonchan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study the spiritual leadership of school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai Zone 1. The sample consisted of 305 school administrators and teachers, with 278 responses received, representing a response rate of 91.15%. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.993. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test and One-Way ANOVA), along with pairwise mean comparisons using Scheffé's method. Additionally, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 5 experts and analyzed using content analysis.

The research findings revealed that the overall spiritual leadership of school administrators was at a high level. Faith and altruistic love dimensions had the highest mean scores, while the vision dimension had the lowest mean score. Comparisons by position showed statistically significant differences between administrators and teachers, with administrators rating themselves higher than teachers' ratings. Comparisons by school size and work experience revealed significant differences, with medium-sized schools and those with 5-10 years of experience having lower mean scores. The development guidelines include: developing vision through practical training workshops; enhancing hope through positive empowerment programs; strengthening faith through activities that foster teacher spirituality; developing altruistic love through emotional and social skills training; and building trust through creating a culture of trust and participatory management.

INTEGRATED LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER NONG KHAI PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 1

Apinya Butr-udom, Pim-om Sod-ium — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study the level of integrative leadership among school administrators under the Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, comparing by position, school size, and work experience, as well as to explore approaches for leadership development. A mixed methods approach was employed, collecting quantitative data from 277 participants from 152 schools, consisting of 30 administrators and 247 teachers, using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire with 4 dimensions and 40 items with a reliability coefficient of 0.951. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 5 experts. Data were analyzed using t-test and One-way ANOVA statistics and content analysis.

The research findings revealed that the overall level of integrative leadership was high (x̄ = 4.34, S.D. = 0.31). When considered by dimension, integrative vision and teamwork had the highest mean score (x̄ = 4.39), followed by creativity (x̄ = 4.30) and achievement orientation (x̄ = 4.27), all at high levels. Comparative results showed that administrators rated their leadership significantly higher than teachers at the 0.01 level. Small and large schools scored significantly higher than medium-sized schools at the 0.05 level. Work experience affected only 2 dimensions: achievement orientation and creativity. From expert interviews, four development approaches were identified: creating shared vision through participatory processes, integrating technology and innovation, developing flexible work systems, and establishing continuous learning mechanisms. The research findings align with 21st-century leadership concepts.

INNOVATIVE LEADERSHIP OF EXECUTIVER THAT AFFECT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF TEACHERS IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER NONG KHAI PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVINCE AREA OFFICE 1

Kanenngnid Polasa, Chissanapong Sonchan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to: 1) study the level of innovative leadership of school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai District 1, 2) compare the level of innovative leadership of school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai District 1 classified by position, school size, and work experience, and 3) study guidelines for developing innovative leadership of school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai District 1. The research sample consisted of 30 administrators and 252 teachers, totaling 282 participants.The data collection instruments were questionnaires with a reliability coefficient of 0.900 and interviews.The statistics used for data analysis included descriptive statistics: frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation; and inferential statistics: Independent t-test and One-Way ANOVA, including pairwise mean comparison using Scheffé's method.

The research findings revealed that:

The innovative leadership of school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai District 1, both overall and in all individual aspects, was at a high level. When comparing the innovative leadership of school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai District 1 classified by position, school size, and work experience, the overall findings revealed that school administrators under the Primary Educational Service Area Office Nong Khai District 1 with different positions, school sizes, and work experience had significantly different innovative leadership at the 0.05 statistical significance level.

ADMINISTRATOR’S COMUNICATION SKILL AFFECTING TEACHER PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS PERFORMANCE UNDER SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE LOEI NONGBUALAMPHU

Phasika Pimpracha, Boonchuay Sirikase — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to: (1) examine the level of communication skills of school administrators under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Loei–Nong Bua Lamphu, (2) assess the level of teachers’ compliance with performance standards under the same jurisdiction, based on the perspectives of administrators and teachers, (3) study the relationship between the communication skills of school administrators and teachers' compliance with performance standards, and (4) identify which aspects of administrators’ communication skills can significantly predict teachers' compliance with performance standards.

The results revealed that:

1) The overall level of communication skills among school administrators was high. 2)Teachers' overall compliance with performance standards was also rated at a high level. 3)There was a strong positive correlation (r = .721, p < .01) between administrators’ communication skills and teachers’ compliance with performance standards. 4)The aspects of communication skills that significantly predicted performance standard compliance included communication channels (x₄) and understanding of the receiver (x₃), both at the .01 significance level, as well as clarity (x₂) and credibility (x₁) at the .05 significance level.

THE EFFECTS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING USING TGT TECHNIQUE ON MATHEMATICS LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF SECOND GRADE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS

Thidarat Ngamkuson , Neti Chaloeywares, Suwattana Sanguanrat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The research aimed to compare the mathematics learning achievement of grade 2 students between before and after the implementation of the cooperative learning approach using the TGT technique. This study also investigated the grade 2 students’ satisfaction towards Mathematics through the cooperative learning approach using the TGT technique. The participants included Grade 2/6 students from Anuban Lopburi School under Lopburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 in the first semester of the 2025 academic year. The participants were selected using cluster sampling, with the classroom as the unit of selection. The research instruments included lesson plans based on cooperative learning using the TGT technique, a multiple-choice test of Mathematics learning achievement, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and the dependent sample t-test.

The research findings revealed that: 1) The Mathematics learning achievement of Grade 2 students after the implementation of the cooperative learning approach using the TGT technique were enhanced and significantly higher than before at .05 level; and 2) The Grade 2 students’ satisfaction towards the cooperative learning approach using the TGT technique was at the highest level (= 4.57, S.D. = 0.54).

THE DEVElOPMENT OF TRAINING CURRICULUM ON USING ONLINE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS LOPBURI PROVINCE.

Sittichoke Supakit, Suwattana sanguanrat, Neti chaloeywares — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this study was to develop the training curriculum on using online learning management programs for elementary school teachers in Lopburi province. This study also aimed to study the effects of the training curriculum implementation that included: (1) comparing elementary school teachers’ knowledge and understanding of using online learning management programs between pre-test and post-test and (2) investigating the elementary school teachers’ satisfaction towards the training curriculum. This study was conducted through a research and development process, divided into two steps: Step 1: Developing the training curriculum; Step 2: Studying the effects of the training curriculum implementation. The participants consisted of 30 elementary school teachers, who were teaching in elementary school education under the Lopburi Provincial Education Office in the 2023 academic year. Purposive sampling was employed to select teachers who experienced at least two years of teaching elementary school education. The need assessment questionnaire, the training curriculum, the training curriculum manual, the knowledge and understanding test form, and the satisfaction questionnaire constituted the research instruments. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test dependent sample and content analysis.

The findings revealed that: 1) Elementary school teachers in Lopburi required to train on using online learning management programs such as Google classroom, Zoom meeting, Canva etc. The developed training curriculum included rationale, objectives of the curriculum, content structure, training activities, instructional media, assessment and evaluation, and unit evaluation. The training curriculum and manual had a high level 2) Elementary school teachers’ knowledge and understanding of using online learning management programs after the implementation of the training program were enhanced and significantly higher than before at .05 level. Furthermore, the elementary school teachers’ satisfaction towards the training curriculum was at the highest level.

THE EFFECTS OF BRAIN-BASED LEARNING APPROACH ON ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS OF GRADE 3 STUDENTS

Suteera Chaychuwong, Neti Chaloeywares, Suwattana Sanguanrat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) Compare the English-speaking ability of Grade 3 students before and after the implementation of the brain-based learning approach 2) Evaluate their English-speaking skills after the intervention 3) Examine the students’ satisfaction toward the brain-based learning activities. The sample group consisted of 29 Grade 3/1 students from Anuban Singburi School in the first semester of the 2025 academic year. The group was selected using cluster sampling, with the classroom as the unit of selection. Research instruments included: Four brain-based lesson plans, the English-speaking ability test, the English-speaking skill assessment, and a student satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analysed using mean, standard deviation, percentage, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The findings were as follows: 1) The English-speaking ability of the students after the implementation of Brain-Based Learning was significantly higher than before at the .05 level. 2) The students’ overall English-speaking skills after the intervention were at an excellent level. 3)The students’ satisfaction with the Brain-Based Learning approach under the theme Fabulous Food was at a high level. Keywords: Brain-Based Learning Approach, English Speaking Skills, English Speaking Ability.

The findings were as follows: 1) The English-speaking ability of the students after the implementation of Brain-Based Learning was significantly higher than before at the .05 level. 2) The students’ overall English-speaking skills after the intervention were at an excellent level. 3)The students’ satisfaction with the Brain-Based Learning approach under the theme Fabulous Food was at a high level.

DIGITAL-ERA SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS CHARACTERISTICS AFFECTING SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS UNDER THE BANGKOK METROPOLITAN ADMINISTRATION KRUNGTHON TAI GROUP

Nattapol Kongthungmon, Supattarasak Khumsamart , Wichian Intarasompun — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were to: 1) examine the level of digital-era characteristics of school administrators; 2) examine the level of school effectiveness; and 3) investigate how the digital-era characteristics of school administrators influence school effectiveness. The sample consisted of 340 teachers under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krungthon Tai Group, in the 2024 academic year. The sampling was stratified proportionally according to school size. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical methods included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The findings were as follows: 1) Overall, the digital-era characteristics of school administrators were rated at a high level. The highest-rated aspect was "vision adjustment regarding environment and learning spaces," followed by "student engagement and learning," while the lowest was "image building."
2) School effectiveness was also rated at a high level. The highest-rated aspect was “problem-solving ability within the school,” followed by “ability to adapt and develop the school to fit the environment,” and the lowest was “ability to produce high academic achievement among students.” 3) The digital-era characteristics of school administrators had a statistically significant effect on school effectiveness at the .01 level. The most influential predictors were Image Building (X6) Opportunity Creation (X7), Communication (X4), Public Relations (X5), and Professional Development (X3). These variables together could predict school effectiveness at 52.60% (R² = 0.526).

CURRICULUM EVALUATION OF WAT KHLONG MAI SCHOOL, SARABURI PROVINCE USING THE CIPP MODEL

Sirinapa Klinhom, Suwattana Sanguanrat, Neti Chaloeywares — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study the results of the evaluation of Wat Khlong Mai School’s curriculum in Saraburi Province in terms of context, input, process, and product. The group of informants in this research was selected using purposive sampling, consisting of 1 school administrator, 7 members of the school board of Wat Khlong Mai School, and 3 teachers. As for the students, simple random sampling was used by drawing lots, selecting a total of 15 students. The research instruments were: 1) a questionnaire, which was a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, consisting of 3 sets: Set 1 was for administrators and teachers, with an item-objective congruence (IOC) index between 0.60 - 1.00 and reliability of 0.73; Set 2 was for the school board members, with IOC between 0.60 - 1.00 and reliability of 0.72; Set 3 was for students, with IOC between 0.60 - 1.00 and reliability of 0.73. 2) a structured interview, consisting of 3 sets: Set 1 was for administrators and teachers, with IOC between 0.60 - 1.00 and reliability of 0.81; Set 2 was for the school board members, with IOC between 0.60 - 1.00 and reliability of 0.88; Set 3 was for students, with IOC between 0.60 - 1.00 and reliability of 0.87. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, percentage, and content analysis.

The research results showed that

The evaluation results of Wat Khlong Mai School’s curriculum in Saraburi Province in terms of context indicated the highest level of appropriateness (=4.67, S.D.=0.46) 2. The evaluation results in terms of input indicated a high level of appropriateness (=4.38, S.D.=0.68) 3. The evaluation results in terms of process indicated a high level of appropriateness (=4.41, S.D.=0.64) 4. The evaluation results in terms of product indicated the highest level of appropriateness (=4.55, S.D.=0.07) 5. The overall evaluation of the school curriculum indicated the highest level of appropriateness (=4.50, S.D.=0.46)

THE INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS’ TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON SCHOOLS AS LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS UNDER THE BANGKOK METROPOLITAN ADMINISTRATION, KRUNGTHON TAI

Ratsatit Srisang-ngam , Supattarasak Khumsamart , Wichian Intarasompun — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study (1) the level of transformational leadership among school administrators under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krungthon Tai Group, (2) the level at which schools under the same administration operate as learning organizations, and (3) the influence of transformational leadership of school administrators on the schools’ status as learning organizations. The sample group comprised teachers under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krungthon Tai Group, for the academic year 2024. The sample size of 340 teachers was determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s table and selected through stratified proportional random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The findings revealed that: (1) The overall level of transformational leadership among school administrators was high. Among the specific components, idealized influence had the highest mean, followed by inspirational motivation, while intellectual stimulation had the lowest mean. (2) The overall level of schools as learning organizations was also high. The highest-rated aspect was empowerment, followed by knowledge management, while technology application scored the lowest. (3) Transformational leadership of school administrators significantly influenced the development of schools as learning organizations at the .01 level. The predictors, ranked by influence, were idealized influence (X1), inspirational motivation (X2), individual consideration (X4), and intellectual stimulation (X3). These variables together predicted 42.60% of the variance in schools becoming learning organizations under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krungthon Tai Group.

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL MARKETING ON CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AND LOYALTY IN PRODUCT AND SERVICE PURCHASING AT SPECIALTY RESTAURANTS

Napaporn Jimatong, Natthaphan Phaophan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to: (1) examine digital marketing, customer experience, and customer loyalty in niche restaurants; (2) analyze the influence of digital marketing on customer experience and customer loyalty; (3) analyze the influence of customer experience on customer loyalty; and (4) assess the combined influence of digital marketing and customer experience on customer loyalty in the context of niche restaurants. The sample consisted of 397 customers selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire, validated for content with an index of item-objective congruence (IOC) of 0.93, and demonstrated reliability with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.78. Descriptive statistics used included frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while inferential statistics employed multiple regression analysis to test the research hypotheses.

The findings revealed that: (1) most respondents perceived digital marketing, customer experience, and customer loyalty at a very high level; (2) digital marketing significantly predicted customer experience by 84.0% (R² = 0.84); (3) customer experience predicted customer loyalty by 81.0% (R² = 0.805); and (4) digital marketing and customer experience jointly predicted customer loyalty by 89.0% (R² = 0.89). The study concludes that enhancing customer experience through effective digital marketing is a crucial strategy for fostering customer loyalty. Business operators are advised to implement integrated strategies that focus on both digital marketing and experience management to strengthen customer retention and achieve long-term competitive advantage.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TRAINING CURRICULUM ON 'ELDERLY MEDIA LITERACY SHIELD' TO ENHANCE MEDIA LITERACY SKILLS OF OLDER ADULTS

Chaitawat Somnuk, Suwattana Sanguanrat , Korawut Phanprom — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) develop and determine the quality of the training curriculum in "Elderly Media Literacy Shield," and 2) study the effects of implementing the training curriculum, consisting of (1) comparing older adults' media literacy skills before and after training, (2) comparing older adults' media literacy skills after training against the 75% criterion, and (3) examining older adults' satisfaction with the training. The research methodology was divided into two phases: Phase 1 selected 35 older adults through purposive sampling, and Phase 2 selected 15 older adults through voluntary sampling. The research instruments included: needs assessment interview forms, training curriculum, curriculum implementation manual, curriculum appropriateness evaluation forms, manual appropriateness evaluation forms, older adults' media literacy skills assessment tools, and older adults' satisfaction questionnaires regarding the training. Data analysis employed mean, standard deviation, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and content analysis.

Research findings revealed that 1) the training curriculum comprised importance, curriculum objectives, curriculum structure, learning process organization, media and learning resources, and measurement and evaluation, divided into 6 units. The training curriculum demonstrated appropriateness at the highest level ( = 4.93, S.D. = 0.12), and the curriculum implementation manual showed appropriateness at the highest level ( = 5.00, S.D. = 0.00).
2) Older adults had significantly higher media literacy skills after training compared to before training at the .05 statistical significance level, and their media literacy skills after training were significantly higher than the 75% criterion at the .05 statistical significance level. 3) Older adults' overall satisfaction with the training was at the highest level ( = 4.66, S.D. = 0.50).

CREATING MOTIVATION FOR THE WORK OF TEACHERS AT THE CENTRAL SPECIAL EDUCATION CENTER UNDER THE OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION

Nirutwit Klaithin, Salinee Meecharoen — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to: 1) examine the level of work motivation among teachers at central special education centers under the Office of Special Education Administration, 2) compare work motivation among these teachers categorized by gender, position, workplace, and work experience, and 3) explore approaches to enhance work motivation. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative sample included 136 teachers, with the sample size determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s table, followed by proportional allocation and simple random sampling through a non-replacement lottery method. Qualitative data were gathered from five key informants through purposive selection. Data collection tools consisted of a structured questionnaire, comprising a checklist and a 5-level rating scale, and a structured interview form. Descriptive statistics used included frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while inferential statistics involved t-tests, F-tests, and content analysis.

The findings revealed that the overall work motivation of teachers was high. When examined by aspect, ranked from highest to lowest, the results were: career advancement, sense of achievement, interpersonal relationships within the organization, nature of work performed, and salary, welfare, and rewards. Hypothesis testing indicated significant differences in motivation at the 0.05 level based on gender, position, workplace, and work experience. Proposed approaches to enhance teacher motivation included establishing a clear work system, promoting continuous professional development, assigning tasks aligned with teachers’ strengths, reducing non-instructional workload, developing career progression systems, fostering a friendly and safe work environment, supporting interdisciplinary teamwork, and providing moral and emotional support.

THE EFFECTS OF PHENOMENON-BASED LEARNING COMBINED WITH 5W1H QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND SCIENCE PSYCHOLOGY OF GRADE 6 ELEMENTARY STUDENTS.

Pongpipat Yamprasai, Suwattana Sanguanrat , Bunyanuch Chawianghong — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to compare learning achievement through phenomenon-based learning management combined with 5W1H questioning techniques before and after learning, and to develop scientific psychology attitude toward science learning among Grade 6 elementary students who received phenomenon-based learning management combined with 5W1H questioning techniques. The research sample consisted of 15 Grade 6 students from Ban Tha Kruad School, Tha Luang District, Lopburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, selected through cluster sampling method. The research instruments included: 1) 5 lesson plans for phenomenon-based learning management combined with 5W1H questioning techniques for Grade 6 students, 2) 1 science achievement test for Grade 6 students consisting of 30 multiple-choice questions with 4 options each, and 3) 10-item scientific psychology attitude scale toward science learning for Grade 6 students. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and the Wilcoxon matched pairs signed-ranks test.

The research findings revealed that: 1) learning achievement after implementing phenomenon-based learning management combined with 5W1H questioning techniques was significantly higher than before the implementation at the .05 statistical significance level, and 2) scientific psychology attitude developed through phenomenon-based learning management combined with 5W1H questioning techniques was at a high level.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN NA YUANG SUBDISTRICT MUNICIPALITY, NA YUANG DISTRICT, UDON THANI PROVINCE

Thongyad Rattanaprasit , Boonlua Boobpamala — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study 1) public participation in community development, 2) compare public participation in community development classified by gender, age, education level and occupation, and 3) propose guidelines for developing public participation in community development. The sample group consisted of 377 people aged 18 years and over using the Taroyamane formula. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The statistics used for analysis were descriptive statistics, including numbers, percentages, means and standard deviations, and inferential statistics, including T-Test and F-Test.

The research results found that

1. Public participation in community development was at a high level overall (= 3.86, S.D. = 0.31). When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest mean was Participation in implementation (= 4.08, S.D. = 0.41), followed by participation in decision-making (= 4.02, S.D. = 0.43), and the lowest mean was participation in evaluation (= 3.64, S.D. = 0.66).
2. Comparison of the level of public participation in community development found that overall, people of different genders and ages participated in community development in Na Yuang Subdistrict Municipality at a statistically significant level of 0.05. People of different education levels and occupations participated no differently. 3. Suggestions for developing public participation in community development in Na Yuang Subdistrict Municipality include establishing a committee with representatives from all groups in the community.

A STUDY OF SELF-CONFIDENCE AND METACOGNITION TOWARDS MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING FOR THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS

Areeya Wongsawat; Yuthapong Thipchart (Author) — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to: (1) compare the mathematical problem-solving ability of the seventh grade students classified by self-confidence levels. (2) compare the mathematical problem-solving ability of the seventh grade students classified by metacognitive processes, and to (3) study the self-confidence and the metacognitive processes towards solving mathematical problems of the seventh grade students. Research sample were 86 students of the seventh grade students from Thakhon Yang Pittayakhom School in the second master of 2024. Samples were taken from a cluster random sampling. Research tools were a self-confidence test, the test of the metacognitive processes, a mathematical problems-solving test, and the interview form of solving mathematical problems. Research statics were analysis of variance: frequency, mean, percentage, standard deviation, One-Way ANOVA and individual case study analysis. Data were presented through descriptive analysis.

The results of the study were as follow: (1) there were statistically significant differences at the .05 level in solving mathematics problems of the seventh grade students with different levels of self-confidence (2) there were statistically significant differences at the .05 level in solving mathematics problems of the seventh grade students with different levels of metacognitive processes and (3) students with high levels of self-confidence and metacognitive processes can analyze problems correctly, connect prior knowledge with new situations, plan systematically, apply appropriate strategies, and justify their solutions with logical reasoning. Students with medium levels lack the ability to plan and select appropriate solutions to solve mathematics problems. In contrast, students with low levels struggle to analyze problems accurately, lack heuristics, and cannot explain their reasoning clearly.

THE EFFECTS OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT USING THE RAFT STRATEGY ON CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS OF PRATHOMSUKSA 6 STUDENTS.

Nutjutha Punyachaipreeda, Suwattana Sanguanrat , Korawut Phanphrom — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to: 1) compare the creative writing skills of Prathomsuksa 6 students before and after learning management using the RAFT strategy, and 2) study the satisfaction of Prathomsuksa 6 students toward the learning management using the RAFT strategy. The sample group consisted of 30 Prathomsuksa 6 students from Wat Bang Phueng School and Phibun Patthamakom School in the first semester of the 2025 academic year, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included: 1) four learning management plans using the RAFT strategy to enhance creative writing skills, conducted over 12 hours; 2) a subjective test consisting of four items to assess creative writing skills, with difficulty indices ranging from 0.21 - 0.35, discrimination indices ranging from 0.42 - 0.47, and a reliability coefficient of 0.96; and 3) a 10-item satisfaction questionnaire on learning management using the RAFT strategy, with a reliability coefficient of 0.71. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and dependent sample t-tests.

The research findings were as follows:

1) The comparison of creative writing skills of Prathomsuksa 6 students after learning management using the RAFT strategy showed significantly higher scores than before at the .05 statistical level. and 2) The overall satisfaction of the students toward the learning management using the RAFT strategy was at the highest level.

MANAGEMENT OF DON KHA VILLAGE PRODUCTION SAVINGS FUND PHROM KHIRI DISTRICT NAKHON SI THAMMARAT PROVINCE

Suwandee Rungrak, Jetsada Maneelap, Kanokpak Boonsit — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study 1) the level of members' opinions towards the management of Don Kha Village Savings Fund for Production, 2) compare members' opinions towards the management of Don Kha Village Savings Fund for Production, and 3) members' suggestions towards the management of Don Kha Village Savings Fund for Production. The sample group was 367 members of the Ban Don Kha Production Savings Fund using the Krejcie and Morgan formula (Krejcie and Morgan, 1970). The research instrument was a questionnaire. The statistics used in the research were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and data analysis for hypothesis testing using the T-Test.

The research results found that

The members' opinions on the management of the Ban Don Kha Savings Fund for Production were generally at a high level. The aspect with the highest average value was coordination, and the aspect with the lowest average value was planning.
The comparative analysis of members' opinions on the management of the Ban Don Kha Production Savings Fund, Phrom Khiri District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, classified by personal factors, found that members of different genders had different opinions with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. Age, occupation, education level, and monthly income did not have different opinions.
Recommendations 1) Policy-wise, there should be training for members to systematically develop a fund development plan and the structure, roles and responsibilities of the committee should be clearly defined. 2) Operationally, there should be an enhancement of knowledge and understanding of fund management through education, training and field trips for members to gain clear knowledge leading to actual work.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN LOCAL DEVELOPMENT OF NANGUA SUBDISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION, NAM SOM DISTRICT, UDON THANI PROVINCE

Waranya Phanthaphon, Chanyut Hanchana — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study 1) public participation in local development, 2) compare public participation in local development of Nangua Subdistrict Administrative Organization classified by personal factors, and 3) guidelines for developing public participation in local development. The instrument used for collecting data was a questionnaire with a reliability value of 0.834. The statistics used for analysis were number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and data analysis. Hypothesis testing was done using t-test and f-test.

The research results found that:

Overall, public participation in local development of Nangua Subdistrict Administrative Organization was at a high level. When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest average value was participation in operations, followed by participation in decision-making, and the aspect with the lowest average value was participation in evaluation.
The overall comparison results found that people of different genders, ages, education levels, and occupations had no different participation in local development of Nangua Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Nam Som District, Udon Thani Province.
Suggestions for guidelines for developing public participation in local development of Nangua Subdistrict Administrative Organization include: Public participation in drafting public policy regulations should be allowed.

HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT OF PEOPLE IN NA KAE SUBDISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION, NA YUNG DISTRICT, UDON THANI PROVINCE

Ratchaporn Bamrungsuk , Koson Sodsong — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study 1) household waste management, 2) compare the level of household waste management classified by gender, age, education level and occupation, and 3) guidelines for developing and solving problems related to household waste management. The sample group consisted of 321 household heads in Na Kae Subdistrict Administrative Organization using Yamane's formula. The instrument used for collecting data was a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.812. The statistics used for analysis were number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and data analysis. Hypothesis testing was done using t-test and f-test.

The research results found that:

Overall, household waste management was at a high level. When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest mean was waste reduction, followed by waste separation, and the aspect with the lowest mean was avoiding materials that are difficult to destroy.
The results of comparing household waste management levels showed that overall, household heads with different levels of education managed household waste. There is a statistically significant difference at the 0.05 level. Household heads with different genders, ages, and occupations have no different waste management.
Suggestions for developing household waste management in people in Na Kae Subdistrict Administrative Organization include campaigning for people to reduce the use of single-use materials such as plastic bags, plastic straws, and foam boxes by encouraging the use of cloth bags, personal drinking glasses, or reusable containers.

ARRANGEMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT BY EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER THE OFFICE OF THE PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA, NAKHON RATCHASIMA AREA 1

Atthawit Nithiworakiat , Kritsada Wattanasak — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1. Study and compare the school environment management of administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Nakhon Ratchasima, classified by position and size of the school, and 2. Study the development guidelines for school environment management of administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Nakhon Ratchasima. The sample group used in the research was 325 administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined according to the table of Krejci and Morgan. The research instrument was a 5-level rating scale questionnaire with a consistency index between 0.60 - 1.00 and a reliability value of the entire questionnaire of 0.95. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and pairwise differences test using Scheffe's method. The research results found that:

The results of the analysis of opinions on school environment management of administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Nakhon Ratchasima, were at the highest level overall.
The results of the analysis of the comparison of opinions on school environment management of administrators Under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area, Nakhon Ratchasima Area 1, classified by position and size of the educational institution, overall and in each aspect, there is no difference.
Guidelines for the development of the management of the educational environment of administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area, Nakhon Ratchasima Area 1, as follows: should promote a shady atmosphere, provide convenience and maintain appropriate safety in the classroom to promote creativity, create motivation, enthusiasm and abilities of students, including promoting personnel to be helpful and supportive of each other and assigning tasks appropriately according to abilities.

PRATICIPATORY MANAGEMENT AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CENTRAL SPECIAL EDUDATION CENTER OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION

Sasiwimon Khamkhat, Salinee Meecharoen — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the level of participatory management in the Central Special Education Center under the Office of Special Education Administration; 2) to examine the effectiveness of the Central Special Education Center under the Office of Special Education Administration; and 3) to investigate the relationship between participatory management and the effectiveness of the Central Special Education Center under the Office of Special Education Administration. The sample group consisted of 136 teachers from schools under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Offices in the academic year 2024. The research instrument was a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The findings revealed that 1) The overall level of participatory management in the Central Special Education Center was at the highest level. When considering each aspect, all dimensions were also rated at the highest level. 2) The overall effectiveness of the Central Special Education Center was at the highest level. Similarly, all aspects were rated at the highest level. 3) There was a high positive correlation between participatory management and the effectiveness of the Central Special Education Center, with statistical significance at the .01 level. When analyzing the correlation between each dimension of participatory management and the effectiveness of the center, all aspects showed a moderate to high positive correlation, with statistical significance at the .01 level.

PROMOTING STRATEGY OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PARTICIPATION TO IMPROVE RETAINING LOCAL IDENTITY OF THE THAI SONGDAM IN HUIKRACHAO DISTRICT, KANCHANABURI.

Rotjanaporn Srichuangchote — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to 1) examine the dynamics of community participation in preserving the ethnic identity of the Thai Songdam in Huay Krachao District, Kanchanaburi Province; 2) analyze the community’s capacity to maintain this ethnic identity; and 3) propose strategies to enhance community empowerment and participation, thereby improving the community’s ability to sustain the Thai Songdam ethnic identity for practical application. The study sample consists of 367 participants, including government officials, community leaders, ethnic group representatives, and knowledgeable community members residing in Sar Long Ruea Subdistrict, Huay Krachao District, Kanchanaburi Province.

Research findings reveal that the community actively participates in Thai Song Dam cultural rituals and activities. This includes preparation tasks such as planning, arranging venues and materials, as well as execution activities such as attending ceremonies, preserving traditions, wearing traditional clothing, and preparing local cuisine. Moreover, the community plays a significant role in disseminating cultural knowledge and facilitating intergenerational exchange between the elderly and the youth. A SWOT analysis was used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in preserving ethnic identity. Based on this, strategies were developed to promote inclusive participation from all sectors. Government agencies are responsible for setting strategies, planning, and facilitating activities to foster systematic and sustained collaboration. Educational institutions are encouraged to integrate Thai Song Dam culture into student development activities to instill cultural awareness and pride. Provincial cultural offices should promote knowledge creation and establish local learning resources while coordinating with public and private sectors to support cultural preservation holistically. Community leaders serve as key facilitators by clearly assigning roles to ensure genuine public participation in planning and implementing cultural activities. Meanwhile, civil society—particularly cultural experts and Thai Song Dam youth—should play a continuous and sustainable role in preserving and transmitting cultural heritage.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN WASTE MANAGEMENT OF BAN KONG SUBDISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION, NA YUANG DISTRICT, UDON THANI PROVINCE

Satreerat Sukreep, Koson Sodsong — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study 1) public participation in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization, 2) compare the level of public participation in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization classified by gender, age, education level and occupation, and 3) provide recommendations and guidelines for developing public participation in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization. The sample consisted of 346 household heads living in the area of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization using Yamane's formula. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire with a reliability value of 0.885. The statistics used for analysis were number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and data analysis. Hypothesis testing was done using t-test and f-test.

The research results found that.

The public participation in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization is at a high level overall (= 3.66). When considering each aspect, it was found that the aspect with the highest average value was participation in evaluation (= 3.80), followed by participation in operations (= 3.73), and the aspect with the lowest average value was participation in decision-making (= 3.41).
The results of the comparison of the level of public participation in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization classified by gender, age, education level, and occupation. Overall, household heads of different ages participated in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Na Yung District, Udon Thani Province, with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. Household heads of different genders, education levels, and occupations did not participate in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization.
Recommendations and guidelines for developing public participation in waste management of Ban Kong Subdistrict Administrative Organization include providing opportunities for all sectors, such as community leaders, households, youth groups, and the elderly, to provide opinions and guidelines appropriate for their local areas.

THE TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER NONG KHAI PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 1

Chanika Raksawang, Boonchuay Siriket — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to achieve the following objectives 1) examine the level of technological leadership among school administrators in schools under the Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 1; 2) compare the level of technological leadership of school administrators under the Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, categorized by position, school size, and teachers' and educational personnel's work experience; and 3) explore ways to develop technological leadership among school administrators under the Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The study's sample includes 35 school administrators and 270 teachers, totaling 305 participants, selected through stratified random sampling. The reliability coefficient is 0.937. The statistical methods used for data analysis include percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

The results of the research found that; 1) The overall and aspect-specific level of technological leadership among school administrators under the Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 was found to be at a high level on average. 2) The results of the comparison of technological leadership among school administrators revealed that; (1) When classified by job position, there were no significant differences overall or in specific aspects. (2) When classified by school size, there was a statistically significant difference at the 0.01 level overall, and significant differences at the 0.05 level in specific aspects. (3) When classified by work experience, there was no significant difference overall, but there were statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level in specific aspects. 3) The guidelines for developing technological leadership among school administrators under the Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 consist of six key areas:

(1) Leadership and vision, (2) Use of technology in administration, (3) Support for the use of technology in teaching and learning, (4) Use of technology in assessment and evaluation, (5) Ethical use of technology, and (6) Support for the use of technology in management

THE EFFECTS OF MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING AND SELF-CONFIDENCE ON PROBLEM SOLVING AMONG GRADE 7 STUDENTS

Kittameth Kasinpila, Yutapong Thipchart — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were: (1) to compare mathematical problem-solving abilities among students with different levels of mathematical understanding, (2) to compare mathematical problem-solving abilities among students with varying levels of self-efficacy, and (3) to examine the influence of mathematical understanding and self-efficacy on mathematical problem-solving. The sample consisted of 120 Mathayom Suksa 1 (Grade 7) students from Sarakham Pittayakhom School, Maha Sarakham Province, selected using cluster random sampling. The research instruments included a mathematical understanding test, a self-efficacy questionnaire, a mathematical problem-solving test, and a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and one-way ANOVA. Qualitative data were analyzed using case study and descriptive analysis.

The results revealed that: 1) students with different levels of mathematical understanding had significantly different problem-solving abilities at the .05 level; 2) students with different levels of self-efficacy also had significantly different problem-solving abilities at the .05 level; and 3) students with high levels of both mathematical understanding and self-efficacy demonstrated complete and systematic problem-solving processes, effectively connecting prior knowledge with new problems and providing well-reasoned explanations. In contrast, students with moderate levels could solve routine problems but lacked confidence and clarity when asked to elaborate on their reasoning, while students with low levels struggled to interpret problems, plan solutions, and explain their ideas and reasoning.

A STUDY OF THE MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. CASE STUDY : BANMAINAMNGERN SCHOOL ON PHAYAO PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 2

Chayot Saenwang, Nawapon Nontapa — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research was to study and solve mathematical problems of spiritual students. Case study : Banmainamngern school on Phayao primary educational service area office 2. The target group is 16 students in grades 1-6 of the 2024 academic year, Consisting of 4 people in Grade 1, 3 people in Grade 2, 2 people in Grade 3, 2 people in Grade 4, 2 people in Grade 5, and 3 people in Grade 6. The instruments used were: 1) a mathematics problem-solving ability test, 2) a self-efficacy assessment form, 3) a parental academic support assessment form, 4) an attitude assessment form toward mathematics, and 5) a mathematics achievement motivation assessment form. Statistics used in data analysis included percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The research results found that students had the highest ability in solving mathematical problems, at a good level (62.50%), followed by a fair level (25.00%) and a very good level (12.50%). The results of the study of the relationship between the ability to solve mathematical problems and the following factors : Self-efficacy perception was at the level of agreement ( =3.93, =0.74),Academic support from parents is at the agreeable level ( =3.98, =0.91), Attitude towards mathematics is at the strongly agree level ( =4.00, =0.96), And the motivation to achieve success in learning mathematics is at the level of strong agreement ( =4.30, =0.74). A study of the relationship between mathematics problem solving ability and individual student factors, The satisfactory score group had opinions at the level of uncertainty and agreement. The good score group had opinions at the level of agree and strongly agree. And the score group is very good, with all opinions at the level of strongly agree. Therefore, the ability to solve mathematical problems is related to the studied factors.

CHALLENGES TO PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY OF PERSONNEL OF THE STATE RAILWAY OF THAILAND

Puttaporn Phojaroen, Pornphan Hemaphan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research has 3 objectives: 1) to describe work efficiency of the personnel of the State Railway of Thailand 2) to compare the differences of personal factors and internal organizational environment with work performance efficiency of the personnel and 3) to examine the relationship between organizational situation awareness and the internal organizational environment with the job performance efficiency of the personnel. The sample size was determined using Taro Yamane’s formula and proportional stratified random sampling was employed. The sample consisted of 229 personnel of the State Railway of Thailand who were working in the year 2024. The sample was collected by questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized for data analysis, namely mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The findings revealed that: 1) overall performance efficiency was at a high level in terms of quality, quantity, and timeliness, with punctuality and task prioritization showed at the highest average scores; 2) personal factors--gender, age, work tenure, education level, and job position had no statistical difference with work efficiency; 3) The overall internal organizational environment and perception of the organizational situation had no statistically significant association with work efficiency, although some aspects showed very low positive association at a significance level of .05. Therefore, the organization should continuously promote the internal organizational environment as well as create a sense of organizational situation awareness to enhance work efficiency among personnel at large,

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITAL ERA LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS AND ACADEMIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY EXPANSION SCHOOLS UNDER THE NAKHON SAWAN PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 3

Chuleeporn Somboonprasert, Yaowares Pakdeejit , Thinnakorn Cha-umpong — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The purposes of this research were to: 1) study level digital leadership of school administrators 2) examine the level academic administration 3) study the relationship between digital leadership of school administrators and academic administration. The sample consisted of 234 divided into 21 school administrators and 213 teachers administrators and teachers using the table of Krejcie and Morgan by comparing the proportions and multi-stage sampling. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire digital leadership of school administrators total of 43 items, whose validity was between 0.67- 1.00 and whose reliability equal to 0.98 and a questionnaire on the academic administration total of 63 items had a validity between 0.67- 1.00 and whose reliability equal to 0.99. The statistics tools used for analysis included percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The findings of the research are as follows: 1) The level digital leadership of school administrators was overall at high level (x̅ = 4.50, S.D. = 0.43). 2) The level of academic administration was overall at the highest level (x̅ = 4.52, S.D. = 0.33). and 3) The relationship between digital leadership of school administrators and academic administration were overall there was a rather high level of positive (r_xy = 0.86) statistically significant at the .01 level.

Promotion of English Language Learning among Thai Buddhist Monks: Integrating Theory and Practice

Phramaha Kriangkrai Sirivaddano (Phetsangkhad) — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

English proficiency is vital for effective intercultural communication and the widespread dissemination of Buddhist pedagogy in a globalized world. However, Thai Buddhist monks face special challenges in English acquisition, including limited access to contextually relevant materials, a scarcity of qualified instructors within monastic communities, and competing religious works. This article proposes a holistic framework that integrates three theoretical perspectives: Vygotsky's sociocultural theory (Zone of Proximal Development and the More Knowledgeable Other), Dewey's experiential learning model (authentic experiences and reflection), and Buddhist pedagogical principles (mindfulness practices and ethical motivation). Practical strategies include curated e-learning modules with Buddhist content, mobile applications tailored to monastic routines, virtual classrooms with scaffolded support, temple interaction simulations, peer learning circles, and mindfulness-based study routines, all supported by mentorship programs and institutional incentives, such as internal proficiency certificates, to sustain ongoing engagement. This study assists Thai monks in developing their English proficiency, thereby increasing their capacity for religious outreach, interfaith conversations, and international engagement. It tackles issues concerning infrastructure and timing. By harmonizing theoretical frameworks with monastic principles and practical situations, it offers a viable approach to incorporating language education within monastic studies.

A STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL COMPONENTS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE HABITS ENHANCED BY THE FIVE SPIRITUAL POWERS (BALA 5) AMONG ADMINISTRATORS OF VOCATIONAL COLLEGES UNDER THE OFFICE OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION COMMISSION IN NONG BUA LAMPHU PROVINCE

Siwakorn Inphusa, Prachitr Mahahing, Yingsak Hapa — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to examine, synthesize, and validate the components for developing highly effective habits enhanced by the Five Spiritual Powers (Bala 5) among administrators of vocational colleges in Nongbualamphu Province. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining documentary analysis and expert evaluation. The sample consisted of nine experts from higher education, vocational education, and research fields. The research instrument was a validated 5-point rating scale questionnaire. The research process comprised two main phases: 1) analysis of relevant academic documents and 2) expert evaluation of the components' appropriateness. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations. Findings revealed two key integrated components: Covey's (1989) 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and the Buddhist principle of Bala 5. The most highly rated components were “Begin with the End in Mind” (M=4.55) and “Sharpen the Saw” (M=4.52). Among sub-indicators, “vision setting” (M=4.60) and “intellectual development” (M=4.55) received the highest ratings. Feasibility assessments showed high implementation potential (M=4.15-4.45), indicating practical applicability in educational administration. This research provides novel insights by integrating Western theories with Buddhist principles to holistically develop administrators' competencies and ethics, aligning with Thailand's human resource development strategies.

PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS AND CONFIDENCE TOWARDS THE SERVICE EFFICIENCY OF STRADDLE MONORAIL TRAIN IN THAILAND

Patthama Sakaew, Pornphan Hemaphan — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This quantitative research aimed to 1) examine the level of service efficiency of the monorail service of the Yellow Line (Lat Phrao-Samrong) and Pink Line (KhaeRai-Min Buri), 2) compare the service efficiency of the Yellow Line and Pink Line Projects, classified by personal factors and public expectations, and 3) study the relationship between public confidence in government agency and the service efficiency of the Yellow Line and Pink Line projects. A sample group of 400 passengers was collected, in which 200 passengers were from each project, using quota sampling method. Data was collected by questionnaire with overall reliability values of .978. The statistics used for data analysis included percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient, were employed.

The results revealed that 1) the overall service efficiency of the Yellow Line and Pink Line projects were at a high level 2) demographic factors of occupation showed statistically significant differences with service efficiency at .05 level of significance. In the meantime, citizen expectation was statistically associated with service efficiency 3) there was a strong positive correlation between public confidence and service efficiency.

THE MOBILIZING EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE GUIDELINES FOR OPPORTUNITY EXPANSION SCHOOLS UNDER THE OFFICES OF PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA IN SAKON NAKHON PROVINCE

Kanyalak Khumsopa, Panayuth Choeybal — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to: 1) investigate the actual states, expected states, and needs for mobilizing educational resources in expansion opportunity schools under the primary educational service area offices in Sakon Nakhon province, and 2) to find the guidelines.

The research was divided into 2 phases. Phase 1 was to study the actual states, expected states, and needs. The sample group consisted of 341 school administrators and teachers under the office of the primary education area in Sakon Nakhon province. They were obtained through simple random sampling. The research instrument was a five rating-scale questionnaire. The reliability of the actual state was 0.891 and expected was 0.956. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and need index. Phase 2 was to find the guidelines. The informants were 9 experts, who were selected by purposive sampling and data were collected by semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used and verified the guidelines by the same group of informants. The findings of this research were as follows:

The actual state of resource mobilization for education in opportunity expansion schools under the primary educational service area offices in Sakon Nakhon province was found to be at a high level, while the expected state was at the highest level. The needs were ranked in the following order, from the first to the last as follows: financial resources, human resources, material and equipment resources, and management resources.
The mobilizing educational resource guidelines for opportunity expansion schools under the offices of primary educational service area in Sakon Nakhon province had 19 guidelines in total, consisting of 5 guidelines for human resources, 5 guidelines for financial resources, 5 guidelines for material resources, and 4 guidelines for management resources. All guidelines have been confirmed to be applicable.

COHESION IN NIW KLOM’S TRAVELOGUES

Daraporn Srimuang; Rattanachai Preechapongkij (Author) — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimes to analyze cohesion in Niw Klom’s Travelogues. This study is documentary research. The source consists of 9 travelogues, namely: Tokyo Maimi Kha, Kamphucha Phrib Ta Diew, Nepal Praman Sadue, Samong Wai Nai Hongkong, Nang Rot Fai Pai Too Yen, London Diary, Khwam Fun Tee Man Sud Thay, Himalay Maimi Jing, and Haeng Dai Rue Khue Ban. This study analyzes the data by applying the cohesion theory of Halliday & Hasan and de Beaugrande & Dressler and discourse analysis of Jantima Angkapanichkit.

The results of the study show that Niw Klom’s Travelogues use 5 kinds of cohesion: 1) reference (42.50%) 2) ellipsis (6.21%) 3) repetition (36.88%) 4) lexical cohesion (5.71%) and 5) conjunction (8.70%).

ANALYZE LANGUAGE USAGE STRATEGIES ON “JATIEWPAINAI” FACEBOOK PAGES.

Prapatsara Hothong — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study the linguistic strategies used in presenting tourism on the Facebook page “Jatiewpainai”. The study employs documentary research and content analysis methods. Data were collected and analyzed from 20 posts on the “Jatiewpainai” page between July 2019 and November 2020. The results were presented in a descriptive-analytical manner.

The findings revealed that linguistic strategies can be categorized into three areas: 1) Lexical strategies, consisting of 18 forms, such as the use of loanwords, interjections, colloquial language, slang, and rhyming words.
2) Rhetorical strategies, consisting of three forms: explanatory rhetoric, descriptive rhetoric, and narrative rhetoric. 3) Figurative language strategies, consisting of six forms, such as metaphor, simile, personification, and symbolism. The most frequently used strategies were the use of loanwords, metaphorical comparison, and youth slang. The research concludes that the “Jatiewpainai” page uses a variety of creative language techniques to communicate and engage its target audience, especially among young people. This reflects the language trends of the digital age and plays an important role in creating a vivid and engaging experience, stimulating imagination, and motivating readers to feel involved and inspired to travel based on the content presented.

DEVELOPMENT OF A BANK OF MATHEMATICS EXAM QUESTIONS ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL TEST (NT) FORMAT FOR GRADE 3 STUDENTS IN SISAKET PROVINCE.

Chanaporn Chaisuwan, Benjamaporn Senarat, Somprasong Senarat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this research was to develop a mathematics item bank aligned with the National Test (NT) format for Grade 3 students, using Item Response Theory (IRT). The sample group consisted of 3,500 Grade 3 students in Sisaket Province, selected through multi-stage sampling. The research instrument was a multiple-choice mathematics test based on the NT format, with four answer choices per item. Item parameters were analyzed using a dichotomous IRT model with the MIRT package in R programming language.

The results showed that out of 210 constructed items, 180 passed content validity evaluation by experts, with a CVI ranging from 0.80 to 1.00. The items were divided into six test forms, each with 30 items and 10 shared anchor items. After being administered to the sample and equated using the Haebera Method in the R package Equate, 100 items met the quality criteria. The average difficulty parameter was 0.86 (indicating moderate to moderately high difficulty), the discrimination parameter was 0.94, and the guessing parameter was 0.12. The final item bank was implemented using PhpMyAdmin to manage a database containing images, numerals, and text. The developed item bank is of high quality and is suitable for future development of a computerized adaptive testing system.

DEVELOPMENT OF A THAI LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY ASSESSMENT PROGRAM BASED ON THE NATIONAL TEST (NT) FOR STUDENTS IN GRADE 3 IN SI SA KET PROVINCE.

Keeratikorn Paengaok, Benjamaporn Senarat, Somprasong Senarat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this research was to develop a Thai language test item bank for third-grade students based on the NT test framework, utilizing the 3-parameter item response theory. The sample consisted of third-grade students in Sisaket Province during the 2022 academic year, selected through simple random sampling. The research instrument was a 312-item test covering the following content areas. Reading 153 items Thai Language Principles 94 items

Literature 36 items Writing 27 items Listening, Viewing, and Speaking 24 items Data analysis involved examining the Index of Content Validity (IOC) from experts and various item parameters using the R programming language. The parameters were also calibrated to a consistent standard using the Heabra Method.

From the development results table, a total of 312 test items were developed. It can be concluded that the developed test bank can be managed through various web browsers and supports both images and text. It is usable on multiple operating systems. The quality of all 312 test items has been evaluated by experts, and it was found to have content validity with an IOC value ranging from 0.60 to 1.00, which falls within a good range. Furthermore, the test items also exhibit good psychometric quality, including difficulty index, discrimination index, and guessing parameter, which indicates that this test bank can be appropriately used to develop a computer-adaptive testing (CAT) program.

THE STUDY OF CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES AND MATHEMATICS SELF-EFFICACY TOWARD MATHEMATICS PROBLEM-SOLVING FOR THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS

Pruchayapohn Srisutat , Yuthapong Thipchat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to: (1) compare the mathematical problem-solving ability of eighth-grade students classified by critical thinking levels. (2) compare the mathematical problem-solving ability of eighth-grade students classified by self-efficacy, and to (3) investigate the influence of critical thinking and self-efficacy on the mathematical problem-solving of eighth-grade students. The research sample comprised 105 eighth-grade students from Sarakham Pittayakom School. Samples were taken from a cluster random sampling. Research instruments included a critical thinking ability test, a mathematics self-efficacy test, a mathematical problem-solving test, and a interview form of solving mathematical problems. Research statics were analysis of variance: frequency, mean, percentage, standard deviation, One-Way ANOVA and individual case study analysis. Data were presented through task analysis.

The results of the study were as follow: (1) there were statistically significant differences at the .05 level in the mathematical problem-solving ability of eighth-grade students across different levels of critical thinking; (2) similarly, statistically significant differences were observed at the .05 level in the mathematical problem-solving ability of eighth-grade students with varying levels of self-efficacy; and (3) students demonstrating high levels of critical thinking and self-efficacy effectively understood problem requirements, could connect prior knowledge, and systematically planned their problem-solving approaches. Conversely, students at medium and low levels, while able to comprehend problems, often lacked the ability to plan appropriate solutions and displayed uncertainty in their answers, even when attempting to tackle complex problems and interpret them.

APPLICATION OF THE FOUR BASES OF POWER OF THE PEOPLE IN LIVING IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to 1) study Buddhist principles; 2) examine the application of these principles to life in the 21st century; and 3) analyze the application of the Four Bases of Iddhipada to people's lives. This qualitative research utilized in-depth interviews with a sample of 15 people. The data collection tool used in-depth interviews, which were compiled to describe the application of the Four Bases of Iddhipada to people in the 21st century, amidst technological, social, cultural, and economic changes, to effectively address these challenges.

These principles include: 1) Chanda (Satisfaction), which refers to loving and enjoying what one does; 2) Viriya (Effort), which refers to being consistent and persistent in one's work; 3) Citta (Attention), which refers to giving importance to everything one is doing to reduce inequality and conflict in society; and 4) Vimansa (Contemplation), which refers to evaluating the effectiveness of organized activities. and adapting work practices to suit the context of the 21st century, adhering to the Dhamma-Vinaya as a core principle, so that Buddhism can survive sustainably and benefit everyone. In summary, the application of the Four Bases of Power for people to live in the 21st century is to be "determined, diligent, and thoughtful" by adapting to the modern era, using modern tools intelligently, and maintaining the Dhamma-Vinaya rationally.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH VOCABULARY LEARNLING BY USING VOCABULARY GAMES FOR GRADE 6 STUDENTS

Wirada Mabao, Techameth Pianchana — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to study the level of English vocabulary learning development and the satisfaction of sixth-grade students with learning management using English vocabulary games. The target group consisted of nine sixth-grade students (5 males, 4 females), aged 10-12, who were studying in the second semester of the 2024 academic year at a primary school under the Pathum Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. The research instruments included: 1) Four English vocabulary lesson plans using vocabulary games, with a total duration of 4 weeks, 2 periods per week, and 60 minutes per period; 2) A 20-item multiple-choice achievement test to measure students' English vocabulary learning ability; and 3) A 12-item satisfaction assessment form to evaluate student satisfaction with learning through English vocabulary games. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, presented as frequency, percentage, mean ( ), and standard deviation (S.D.).

The research findings revealed that, 1) The level of English vocabulary learning development of the sixth-grade students who received instruction using vocabulary games was high, with a gain score percentage of 62.01. Their scores were in the range of 51-75. Additionally. 2) The sixth-grade students' satisfaction with the vocabulary game-based learning management was at the highest level, with an average score of 14.22 (S.D. = 0.44).

ACADEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF ADMINISTRATORS IN THE DIGITAL ERA IN CHUMPHONBURI 1 SCHOOL NETWORK UNDER SURIN PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA OFFICE 2

Kadpon Charoenroy, Surangkana Manyanon, Sommai Soinakpong — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to 1) study the academic administration level of school administrators in the digital era 2) explore guidelines for developing academic administration of school administrators in the digital era within the Chumphonburi 1 school network under the Office of Surin Primary Educational Service Area 2. The sample consisted of teachers
from the Chumphonburi 1 school network. The sample size 125 was determined using
Krejcie and Morgan’stable. It is quantitative and qualitative. Research instruments included a questionnaire with a reliability value of .954. The statistics used to analyze data included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

The research findings were: 1) School administrators' overall and individual aspects
of academic administration in the digital era were rated at a high level. 2) Guidelines for developing academic administration consist of; (1) Curriculum Development: Administrators
should analyze the core curriculum, environmental factors, and community needs to ensure appropriateness and responsiveness to changes, (2) Instructional Process Development:
Administrators should encourage teachers to create conducive learning environments and organize activities that allow learners to apply knowledge to real-life situations in the digital age, (3) Educational Supervision:Administrators should conduct continuous supervision, promote reflection and adjustment for greater work efficiency, (4) Development and Use of Educational Technology: Administrators should allocate budgets and provide modern technological resources to adequately support teaching and learning.

GUIDELINES FOR ACADEMIC MANAGEMENT TO ELEVATE THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF SCHOOLS IN THE SI BURAPHA EDUCATIONAL COOPERATIVE UNDER THE SECONDARY EDUCATION SERVICE AREA OFFICE PRACHINBURI NAKHON NAYOK

Sivanan Atijantarat, Panot Namawirow — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to 1) study the academic management to elevate the learning outcomes of schools in the Si Burapha Educational Cooperative, 2) compare the academic management to elevate the learning outcomes of schools in the Si Burapha Educational Cooperative classified by subject group, education level, position, work experience and school size, and 3) guidelines for academic management to elevate the learning outcomes of schools in the Si Burapha Educational Cooperative under The Secondary Education Service Area Office Prachinburi Nakhon Nayok. The sample consisted 5 experts and 235 school administrators and teachers. The research instrument were interview form and questionnaire with content validity, IOC values between .67-1.00, and a reliability value of .93. The data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One-way ANOVA with LSD and content analysis.

The research results were as follows 1) the academic management to elevate the learning outcomes of schools in the Si Burapha Educational Cooperative was a high level, ranking from the highest to the lowest mean: Educational supervision, Curriculum development and academic planning, Assessment and educational quality improvement, Media and innovation development and Instructional management, 2) compare the teacher’s opinions of academic management to elevate the learning outcomes of schools in the Si Burapha Educational Cooperative classified by subject group and position were statistically significant at the level of .05 in overall, while the differential education level, work experience and school size, and 3) guidelines for academic management to elevate the learning outcomes of schools in the Si Burapha Educational Cooperative under The Secondary Education Service Area Office Prachinburi Nakhon Nayok have 5 components; curriculum development and academic planning, instructional management, media and innovation development, Educational supervision and assessment and educational quality improvement.

MOTIVATION FOR WORK OF VILLAGE HEADMEN AND SUB-DISTRICT HEADMEN OF BANG PA-IN DISTRICT, PHRA NAKHON SI AYUTTHAYA PROVINCE

Manussaporn Klincharoen, Kamonwan Wanthanang — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the work motivation of village headmen and sub-district headmen of Bang Pa-in District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, and 2) to compare the work motivation of village headmen and sub-district headmen of Bang Pa-in District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. This was quantitative research. The population included 148 village headmens and sub-district headmens of Bang Pa-in District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. Data collection tool was questionnaire with alpha reliability coefficient 0.95. The statistical tools used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, T-test and One-Way ANOVA.

The results of the research were as follows: 1) the work motivation of village headmen and sub-district headmen overall was at a high level, and 2) the village headmens and sub-district headmens with different gender had different work motivation in aspect of achievement, recognition, work itself, advancement, work conditions, and compensation, the village headmens and sub-district headmens with different age, education level, and status had different work motivation in aspect of achievement, recognition, work itself, advancement, and work conditions, and the village headmens and sub-district headmens with different work tenure had different work motivation in aspect of recognition, advancement, and work conditions at statistical significance of .05.

AI ETHICS: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ETHICS FOR SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS

Navarat Waichompu — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In the era where Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a vital role in driving the education sector—ranging from teaching and learning, assessment, to data management—educational administrators must possess a deep understanding of AI ethics to prevent rights violations, injustice, and unintended consequences for students and educational personnel. This article presents the conceptual framework of “AI Ethics” based on the guidelines of the National Science and Technology Development Agency, which comprises seven key principles: privacy, security, reliability, fairness, transparency, accountability, and human-centricity. It also outlines four levels of AI risk: unacceptable risk, high risk, limited risk, and minimal risk, which assist administrators in evaluating AI systems before implementation in educational institutions.

In addition, the article provides practical recommendations for educational administrators, such as establishing an institutional ethics committee on technology, organizing professional development programs, developing AI risk assessment tools, and promoting transparent communication with stakeholders. It concludes with national policy recommendations to ensure that the use of AI in Thai education is ethical, transparent, and sustainable in the long term.

SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATIONS OF DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS IN MULTI-COLORED ECONOMIC PARADIGMS

Thirawut Saengmaneedech, Kulaya Anulok, Woraluk Thongprayoon, Rachanida Rod-iw — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This academic article aims to examine symbolic representations that characterize distinct features of economic systems through the conceptual lens of the “multi-colored economy.” This approach reflects the dynamic and complex nature of the modern economy, which is interconnected across various dimensions—economic, social, cultural, and environmental. A core issue addressed in this study is the inadequacy of traditional economic frameworks to fully explain phenomena such as the informal economy, cultural economy, and environmental economy. The concept of the multi-colored economy introduces a novel analytical perspective by using colors as symbolic representations of different economic dimensions. For example, green symbolizes sustainable economy, orange represents the creative industry, pink reflects the LGBTQ+ inclusive economy, brown signifies the informal and underground economy, while gray and black denote other less visible or unregulated sectors. Through a synthesis of relevant theories, previous research, and literature reviews, this study demonstrates that the symbolic use of colors can serve as an integrative analytical framework that aligns with the goals of sustainability, equity, and participatory development in Thai society—particularly within the post-COVID-19 global context. Nevertheless, the transition toward a multi-colored economy continues to face significant challenges, including structural limitations, lack of public awareness, and insufficient policy support mechanisms. Consequently, this article proposes the application of the multi-colored economy framework in policy design, with the aim of fostering a more inclusive and adaptive economic system capable of addressing the evolving challenges of the contemporary world.

RESTROOMS AS POLITICO-ECONOMIC SPACES: A DIALECTIC OF PUBLIC RESOURCE ACCESS AND GENDER IDENTITY

Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This academic article analyzes "restrooms" as spaces imbued with politico-economic significance and as an arena for struggles over gender identity. The objectives are to examine the nexus between the allocations of public resources (restrooms) and the definition and regulation of gender identity, compare laws and practices in foreign countries with those in Thailand, and propose new critical theoretical insights. The research employs documentary analysis, comparative analysis, and critical analysis, applying concepts from key thinkers such as Foucault, Butler, and feminist legal theory.

The study reveals that restrooms are not merely physical sanitary facilities but are products of power dynamics. The binary gender segregation of restrooms reflects and reproduces unequal power structures, negatively influencing gender-diverse individuals, particularly transgender and non-binary people, in terms of mental and physical health, and social participation. Comparative legal analysis indicates that while many countries have progressed in recognizing rights and implementing inclusive restrooms, Thailand still faces challenges both legally and social attitudes.

BUDDHIST MANAGEMENT AND TEMPLE ACCOUNTING : A BUDDHIST ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK FOR ENSURING TRANSPARENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY

Phra Palad Napongsakorn Kantavano (Pinthong), — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In Buddhism, temples are recognized as legal entities under the law. Therefore, the operations and assets of such legal entities must be governed responsibly. The abbot is responsible for overseeing and appointing the temple steward or the person in charge of managing the temple’s benefits to keep records of the temple’s income and expenses. At the end of each calendar year, accounts of income, expenses, and balances must be prepared. The abbot must supervise and ensure that these processes are conducted properly and accurately. However, recurring problems include the lack of a standardized and clear accounting system, insufficient knowledge of accounting and management among monks, a shortage of qualified support personnel, and limited participation of laypeople in auditing. These factors highlight the need to apply the principles of “Buddhist Accounting” to assist in management. This involves developing the morality and capabilities of personnel, fostering cooperation and a positive working atmosphere, and cultivating good attitudes towards work. Emphasis is placed on love for the work, diligence, careful attention, and using wisdom to analyze tasks thoroughly in order to maintain the quality and transparency of accounting data. Management should be balanced in terms of morality and efficiency by integrating the threefold principles of Buddhism to help create a systematic, ethical, transparent, and auditable accounting system for temples. This is a critical factor for long-term sustainability. Therefore, the aforementioned approach leads to the outcome of Buddhist accounting: sustainable accounting work that builds trust within the community, enhances the credibility of the temple, and supports effective and equitable resource management.

Buddhism and Professionals

PhrakruKosolkitjanukit, Somdet Namket, Nichapat Ngoenjatturat — Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ “การส่งเสริมวิชาชีพเชิงพุทธ” เขียนโดย

ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ดร.สมเดช นามเกตุ พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 1 พ.ศ. 2566 จำนวนหน้าหนังสือ 147 หน้า พิมพ์ที่ญาณรนทร พรนตง ๘๘/๑๐๒ ขอนแก่น จังหวัดขอนแก่น ๔๐๐๐๐ เป็นหนังสือที่นำเสนอเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับ มนุษย์ทุกคนย่อมมีความหวังในการประกอบอาชีพ แต่การประกอบอาชีพที่จะทำให้ประสบผลสำเร็จนั้น จะต้องมีหลักสัมมาอาชีวะ ซึ่งเป็นหลักธรรมคำสอนของพระพุทธศาสนา ที่ประชาชนทั่วไป บางส่วนก็ประกอบอาชีพไม่สุจริต เช่นอาชีพค้าขายอาวุธ ค้าขายเนื้อสัตว์ อาชีพค้าขายสุรายาเมา อาชีพค้าขายยาพิษ เป็นต้น บุคคลไม่ควรค้าสิ่งเหล่านี้ เมื่อประสบปัญหาในการประกอบอาชีพ ก็สามารถนำหลักธรรมคำสอนของพระพุทธศาสนาไปประยุกต์ใช้ในการประกอบอาชีพได้ เพราะหลักคำสอนในพระพุทธศาสนานั้นสอนให้คนเป็นคนดี เว้นความชั่วทั้งปวง ศาสนาจึงเป็นประหนึ่งว่า เป็นประทีปส่องโลกให้สว่างไสว ด้วยความรู้แจ้ง และยังสอนให้มนุษย์รู้รักสามัคคี มีความยุติธรรมปฏิบัติในสิ่งที่ถูกต้อง มีความเมตตากรุณา ช่วยเหลือซึ่งกันและกัน ช่วยเหลือผู้ที่อ่อนแอกว่า ไม่อิจฉาริษยาพยาบาทต่อกัน การปฏิบัติตามหลักธรรมทางพระพุทธศาสนาเป็นการปลูกฝังให้คนเป็นคนดีและประกอบอาชีพสุจริต ทางพระพุทธศาสนาเรียกว่าสัมมาอาชีวะ