DEVELOPMENT OF AN ONLINE LESSON BASED ON CONSTRUCTIONISM THEORY ON BASIC DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR VOCATIONAL CERTIFICATE STUDENTS

Abstract

 The objectives of this research were: 1) to develop and determine the efficiency of an online lesson based on Constructionism theory on Basic Digital Photography for vocational certificate students, according to the 80/80 criterion; 2) to compare learning achievements before and after learning with the developed online lesson; 3) to assess the learners' basic digital photography skills after learning; and 4) to evaluate the learners' satisfaction towards learning through the online lesson. The sample consisted of 72 vocational certificate students from the Digital Graphics Department at Phetchaburi Vocational College during the first semester of the 2026 academic year, selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments included: 1) the online lesson; 2) an online lesson quality assessment form; 3) a learning achievement test; 4) a basic digital photography skill assessment form; and 5) a satisfaction questionnaire. Data collection was conducted by having experts evaluate the lesson's quality, determining its efficiency based on the 80/80 criterion, comparing pre - learning and post - learning achievements, assessing practical skills, and evaluating learner satisfaction. The statistics used for data analysis were: 1) mean, 2) standard deviation, 3) efficiency criterion 80/80 (E₁/E₂), and 4) independent t - test. The research findings revealed that: The efficiency of the online lesson met the specified criterion due to its systematic development and improvement. The post - learning achievement was significantly higher than the pre - learning achievement at the .05 statistical level (t = 21.64), as the online lesson allowed for learning anywhere and anytime. The overall basic digital photography skills after learning were at a very good level ( = 21.55, S.D. = 1.25), as the learners created their own workpieces. The overall student satisfaction towards learning through the online lesson was at the highest level ( = 4.74, S.D. = 0.44).