Legal Development Framework For The Protection Of Suspects' Rights In Criminal Investigation Processes.

Abstract

          This research article aims to explore approaches for developing laws to protect the rights of suspects during the criminal investigation process. The criminal justice system plays a crucial role in maintaining social order and fostering public confidence in the rule of law. However, violations of suspects’ rights during investigations still occur in Thailand, such as coerced confessions, unlawful detention beyond the legal time limit, and denial of access to legal counsel. These issues reflect an imbalance between law enforcement and the protection of human rights. This article focuses on studying legal reforms to safeguard the rights of suspects during criminal investigations by examining relevant laws and international frameworks, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966), and best practices from countries with strong legal systems, such as the United Kingdom, the United States, the French Republic, and the Federal Republic of Germany. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, collecting data from books, articles, theses, research reports, and related documents. The findings reveal four key approaches for legal development to protect suspects’ rights in criminal investigations: (1) informing suspects of their rights at the beginning of the investigation, (2) recording video and audio of interrogations, (3) guaranteeing access to legal counsel, and (4) establishing oversight mechanisms to prevent abuse of power. These findings underscore the need for justice system reform in Thailand to align with the principles of the rule of law and human rights, ultimately aiming to ensure fairness and transparency in the criminal investigation process.