THE IMPORTANCE OF VITAMIN D, VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND THE PREVENTION

Abstract

The change in lifestyles and aesthetic value among present-day Thai people renders avoidance of outdoor activities, resulting in much less sunlight exposure although Thailand has the benefit of adequate sunlight all year round.  Moreover, the recent COVID 19 epidemics, together with the lock-down measures, and the current trend in working from home, collectively result in sunlight deprivation.  Approximately half of the Thai population are vitamin D deficient, leading to various health issues. Vitamin D is essential in calcium homeostasis, strengthening bones and joints.   Furthermore, vitamin D plays a key role in the pathophysiology of allergic and immunologic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.   Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin via sunlight exposure.  Therefore, people at risk of vitamin D deficiency are those who lack sunlight exposure, for example bed-ridden patients and those who always stay indoor owing to lifestyles and avoidance of sunlight.  Preventive measure entails sunlight exposure for half and hour, three times a week.   Consumption of foods rich in vitamin D also helps minimize the problem.  Awareness of vitamin D deficiency and modification in these correct lifestyles prevent vitamin D deficiency, reduce risks of many diseases, improves quality of life, furthermore, help reduce the national budget in health care cost substantially.