Analysis of Conflicts Arising from Large-Scale Industrial Development Projects: A Case Study of the Chana Industrial Estate

Abstract

          The Chana industrial estate project was designed to accommodate large-scale industrial growth, resulting in varied perspectives, concerns, and controversies. This study examines project milestones, stakeholders, and conflict. It analyses data from documents and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders using Actor and Relation mapping and the Onion theory. Based on the research findings, the Cabinet approved the Triangle Model City project in 2016, which sought to establish stability, prosperity, and sustainability. In 2019, the project was expanded to create Chana, a futuristic industrial metropolis. 2020 witnessed numerous protests and demonstrations. There were disturbances at government offices in 2021, followed by the dissolution of the demonstrations, which led to demands for a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council commissioned a regional academic institution to finish the SEA in 18 months by 2022. Stakeholders analysis revealed complexity. The government, the private sector, non-governmental organizations, and the general public are the key actors. As determined by an analysis of the conflict issues, the opposing party does not support the establishment of large-scale industrial estates, whereas the supporting party is in favour of the project. The concerns of the opposing party include a desire not to convert agricultural areas into industrial ones, whereas the supporting party is interested in accelerating the area's development. The opposing party recognizes the need to preserve natural resources and the environment, whereas the supporting party recognizes the need to increase economic prosperity. The opposing party is concerned that the alterations will result in a decline in the quality of life for the local population. This is consistent with the concerns of the supporting party, which fears that the quality of life for the locals will decline. These findings can be used as guidelines for resolving conflicts and preventing their escalation in the future.