Patanisation: Constructing Melayu Patani’s Identity Politics
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Abstract
Thailand has been experiencing the “Southern Insurgency” since 2004. Its causes are still an issue of debate. This article aims to examine those causes of violence against the Thai state. This study suggests that the process of constructing the Melayu Patani identity (referred to as ‘Patanisation’) has played a primary role in encouraging several local Malays to support Patani's independence movement. This has resulted in turning both Malays and local Thais against the Thai state, which they see as its enemy. Moreover, this article will demonstrate that the process of ‘Patanisation’ was only established recently, circa 1997, and based on nothing but irrationality. For example, it utilized Patani’s historiography and the claim of some parts of Songkhla province (Chana, Thepa, Natawi, Sabayoi, and Satun) to be the annexed territories of Patani. In fact, those districts share nothing with Patani and their cultures and histories are significantly different.
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