FROM WHITE CLOTH TO BLACK ATTIRE: THE TRANSFORMATION OF BELIEFS AND MOURNING CULTURE IN THAI SOCIETY

Abstract

This qualitative research study aims to analyze the transformation of mourning colors in Thai society, shifting from the traditional use of white to the primary use of black. The study's objectives are 1) to analyze the historical meaning of white in mourning, 2) to analyze the sociopolitical and Western cultural influences driving the shift to black, and 3) to compare the current application of white and black in Thai rites. The research method relies on the analysis of historical documents, cultural artifacts, and Buddhist scriptures, using Content Analysis and Critical Historical Interpretation.

The findings conclude that the transition was a complex cultural process, not naturally occurring, but driven by political and social influences during the national reform period (King Rama V era). Siam adopted Western mourning customs to project an image of civilization and internationality. Consequently, black was established as a social norm and a secular symbol of formal respect. The crucial new knowledge is that this transformation has led to a state of “Symbolic Dualism,” where black functions as a social and economic symbol, while white persists as a spiritual symbol representing purity and detachment based on Buddhist principles. This coexistence reflects the Cultural Resilience of Thai society and has spurred the application of the principle of Dharma Governance of Mourning in contemporary rituals. Recommendations thus focus on promoting understanding of the original white philosophy for sustainable cultural preservation.