Factors Affecting to the Employment Success of Elderly Workers in Retail Stores in Bangkok and Pathum Thani

Abstract

This research had three objectives: 1) to examine the levels of personal factors, organizational factors, and employment success among elderly workers in retail stores in Bangkok and Pathum Thani; 2) to investigate personal factors affecting employment success among elderly workers; and 3) to investigate organizational factors affecting employment success among elderly workers in the same area.  A mixed-methods research design was employed. The quantitative sample consisted of 385 participants, calculated using Cochran's formula, with data collected via questionnaire. The qualitative sample consisted of 25 participants - elderly workers, colleagues, and supervisors - through in-depth interviews. Instrument reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.734). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and standard multiple regression analysis.

The findings revealed that personal factors were at a moderate level (𝑥̅ = 3.40), organizational  factors were at a high level (𝑥̅ = 3.67), and employment success was at a high level (𝑥̅ = 4.09). Multiple regression analysis indicated that four personal factors accounted for 32.70 % of the variance in employment success, while three organizational factors accounted for 41.30 %. When all of 8 factors were entered into the model simultaneously, the power of Multiple regression analysis that increased to 51.30 % (Adjusted R²   = 0.513, F = 51.644, p < .01) with Organizational flexibility had the highest influence, followed by organizational factors related to a supportive work environment. The qualitative findings were consistent with the quantitative results, revealing that flexible working hours, support from colleagues and supervisors, and an age-friendly work environment were all critical conditions enabling elderly workers to perform effectively and sustainably in retail settings.