Using Queer Theory to Analyze Public Policy in Thailand Using Queer Theory to Analyze Public Policy in Thailand

Abstract

          This article aims to analyze public policy in Thailand through the framework of Queer Theory, focusing on how concepts of gender and gender diversity play a role in shaping and evaluating public policy. The purpose is to propose new approaches for understanding and developing policies that promote fairness and prevent discrimination in Thai society.The analytical framework of this academic article draws on Michel Foucault’s ideas on power and discourse, which explain how sexual orientation and gender identities are constructed through mechanisms of knowledge and state institutions (Foucault, 1978). It is complemented by Judith Butler’s concept of gender performativity, which views gender as the result of repeated actions under social norms rather than a fixed essence (Butler, 1990). In addition, the article references Michael Warner’s critique of heteronormativity to explain how heterosexual relationships have been established as the standard in laws and policies (Warner, 1993).

          The findings indicate that Thai public policies across multiple dimensions such as family law, the civil registration system, education policy, and access to healthcare services reflect binary gender assumptions (male/female) and a heteronormative family structure. However, the enactment of the Marriage Equality Act represents a significant development in challenging these norms at the structural level of law. The article argues that although marriage law reform marks an important milestone, broader structural changes must be extended to other policy areas in order to achieve genuine gender equality.