Management of Temple Religious Property in the 21st Century Management of Temple Religious Property in the 21st Century

Abstract

This article aims to propose guidelines for the management of temples and monastic properties in Thai society amidst the challenges of the 21st century, characterized by shifts in legal structures and digital technology. The study reveals that while temples function as legal entities and spiritual centers, they currently face bureaucratic constraints and state control under the Sangha Act B.E. 2505 (1962). Key challenges identified include an aging monastic population, complex administrative burdens, and a lack of digital literacy among ecclesiastical officials (Phra Sangkhathikan), all of which impact transparency and efficiency in asset management.

          A critical development strategy is the transition towards Digital Transformation through the “SMART Temple 4.0” model. By integrating the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle and risk management principles, this model aims to establish a verifiable “Ecosystem of Faith.” It comprises three primary measures: 1) Developing a “Digital Temple Hub” to link monastic property databases and e-Donation systems directly with the Revenue Department; 2) Enhancing digital literacy among monks; and 3) Implementing a Unified Monastic Accounting system on the cloud. These mechanisms align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically in fostering good governance (SDG 16) and promoting lifelong learning (SDG 4). Ultimately, these advancements will alleviate administrative burdens for the clergy, ensure legal compliance in temple management, and bolster public confidence in the transparent administration of monastic properties in the digital era.