Development of Ba Duan Jin in General Physical Education for Female University Students
Abstract
Background and Aim: Higher education was responsible for cultivating talent cultivation, scientific research, social service, inheritance and innovation, and international exchange and cooperation. It was also a core principle and key work content that was jointly recognized by international organizations and the Chinese Ministry of Education. The opening of the Health Qigong Ba Duan Jin course at the core quality level, it did not only cultivated college students' dignified body shape and good movement coordination ability, so that college students' limbs become more upright, flexible, and soft, but also cultivated college students' firm will quality and comprehensive learning ability; in the design of the curriculum, it not only makes the physical education course curriculum richer, but also receives a better effect in cultivating the comprehensive ability of college students. These research objectives were 1) To develop Ba Duan Jin teaching program for general physical education courses of general physical education for female university students. 2) To identify the appropriate teaching methods and contents for teaching and learning Ba Duan Jin in general physical education for female university students. 3) To set an experiment on the developed Ba Duan Jin teaching program in general physical education for female university students, and to compare the effectiveness between the effective output of the developed Ba Duan Jin teaching program and the Traditional Health Qigong program on, 1) physical health 2) Ba Duan Jin skills and 3) general competencies.
Materials and Methods: The population of this research was first-year university students in the second semester of the academic year 2023 at Guilin Tourism University. They were registered in the Health Qigong in general physical education course of general education. The teaching program was developed and experimented with through a two-group pretest-posttest design with 30 students of first-year students in each group. The experimental group was taught with the developed Ba Duan Jin teaching program and the control group was taught with the traditional health qigong program. The research operated for 12 weeks, three days a week with one and a half hours a day. The paired t-test was used to analyze data within the group and the independent t-test was used to analyze data between groups.
Results: 1) Participated in the Ba Duan Jin teaching program could gain more significant improvement at a .05 level of significance than participating in the Traditional Health Qigong teaching program only on the Ba Duan Jin Skills and in a Physical pain of General Competency: But the other items of General Competency and All items in Physical fitness did not have any differences. 2) Subjects in the Experimental group who participated in the Ba Duan Jin teaching program accepted the teaching operation and process with a very high perception of the benefits and values of Ba Duan Jin, teaching method, and process and carried over the values of Ba Duan Jin for lifelong health exercise.
Conclusion: In general, physical education for university students both Ba Duan Jin and Health Qigong could improve Physical Fitness, Qigong Skill, and General Competency but the Ba Duan Jin teaching program could improve some few variables in General Competency more than Heath Qigong, The Ba Duan Jin. The teaching program was very highly accepted perceived the value of exercise, operation, and process of the teaching program.
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