A Study of Division Abilities Using the Area Model Division Technique for Grade 4 Students

Abstract

      The purpose of this research was to study the division ability of Grade 4 students using the area model division, targeting a minimum score of 70% out of 100. The sample group in this research was 34 Grade 4 students from Sangkhom Phatthana School, Namon District, Kalasin Province, during the first semester of the 2023 academic year., The tools used in the research include 1) a mathematics learning plan using a area model division and 2) two sets of written-response division ability tests, each consisting of 5 questions worth a total of 20 points. Statistics used in data analysis include percentage, mean, and standard deviation. 

      The research results found that students had an increase in their division ability scores after using the area model division technique. In the first cycle, out of 34 students, 18 (52.94%) achieved the 70% criteria, while 16 students (47.05%) did not. When analyzing the division ability scores of students in each stage, Stage 1 (Formulating the Problem) average score was 4.68 (93.60%), Stage 2 (Demonstrating the Process) average score was 4.05 (81%), Stage 3 (Presenting the Answer) average score was 3.17 (63.40%) and Stage 4 (Reviewing the Answer) average score was 3.25 (65%).  In the second cycle, the 16 students who did not pass in the first cycle all achieved the 70% criteria in the second cycle (100%). Analysis of division ability by stages for these students as follow; Stage 1 (Formulating the Problem) average score was 4.97 (99.40%), Stage 2 (Demonstrating the Process) average score was 4.94 (98.80%), Stage 3 (Presenting the Answer) average score was 3.09 (61.80%) and Stage 4 (Reviewing the Answer) average score was 2.97 (59.40%).  The findings indicate significant improvement in division ability across cycles, with the area model proving effective in enhancing students’ division ability.