The Study of the Procedure of Parivasasakamma Practices according to Dhamma Vinaya (the Doctrine and the Disciple) in Muang District, Chaiyaphum Province

Abstract

This research article aims to 1) study the principles of living in retreat as presented in the Vinaya Pitaka, 2) examine the concepts and conditions of living in retreat in Mueang District, Chaiyaphum Province, and 3) analyze the approach to living in retreat according to the principles of the Dhamma and Vinaya. It is qualitative research using in-depth interviews as the research tool, with the following steps: studying documents and related research on living in retreat, conducting interviews according to the advisor's suggestions, and then having experts verify the accuracy and correctness of the content. The scope is divided into studying the principles of living in retreat according to the Vinaya Pitaka, targeting people in Mueang District, Chaiyaphum. The main informants are divided into three groups: 5 monks in charge, 5 head monks in Mueang District, Chaiyaphum, 5 participants in the retreat, and 3 independent scholars. The data is then analyzed and presented.

Research has found that

According to traditional Buddhist doctrine, Parivasa Karma is a monastic legal process (Vutthana method) for monks to atone for serious offenses, particularly Sanghadisesa offenses, that they have concealed. Its aim is to reform their character and reduce pride. However, in the Mueang Chaiyaphum district, this practice has transformed from an individual discipline into a group merit-making ceremony,1) the forest tradition, emphasizing simplicity and asceticism, and 2) the urban/community temple tradition, which incorporates local beliefs, organizes large-scale events, and allows lay people to participate. Significant practical problems include a lack of knowledge and understanding among newly ordained monks, the disruptive use of mobile phones that undermines composure, a shortage of monastic mentors (spiritual teachers), inadequate public utilities, the presence of fake monks, and health issues among elderly monks.