The Effects of Altitude Training on the Performance of Open Water Swimmers

Yaowei Song; Sukol  Ariyasajsiskul; Chanchai  Siriphan

doi:10.60027/ijsasr.2024.3733

Authors

Yaowei Song Faculty of Sports Science and Technology, Bangkokthonburi University, Thailand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7840-5142
Sukol Ariyasajsiskul Faculty of Sports Science and Technology, Bangkokthonburi University, Thailand https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0203-9581
Chanchai Siriphan Faculty of Sports Science and Technology, Bangkokthonburi University, Thailand https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9981-655X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60027/ijsasr.2024.3733

Keywords:

Altitude Training; , Open Water Swimming;, Sports Specific Quality; , Technology and Tactics

Abstract

Background and Aim: Training in a low-pressure, low-oxygen environment at the plateau is a difficult challenge for athletes who live on the plains all year round. Athletes need to overcome the stimulation of hypoxia to complete training. This paper aims to explore the influence of altitude training on the special quality, technique, and tactics of open-water swimmers.

Methods: The method of literature, experiment, and mathematical statistics is adopted, and the experimental method is the main method. (1) The experimental subjects were male athletes with many years of experience in open-water swimming training and competition. (2) Test variable: swimming pool 1500m freestyle speed, swimming pool 50m freestyle speed, open water speed per lap, stroke amplitude, allocation of swimming speed.

Results: (1) There was a significant difference between 1500 m swimming speed and open water swimming speed in the experimental group before and after the experiment; (2) The experimental group had a significant difference in 50m swimming speed before and after the experiment, the control group had a significant difference in 50m swimming speed before and after the experiment, and the two groups had a significant difference in 50m swimming speed after the experiment; (3) There was no significant difference in the athletes' swimming speed allocation after the experiment; (4) The stroke amplitude of the experimental group was significantly different after the experiment, and the stroke amplitude of the control group was significantly different after the experiment.

Conclusion: Altitude training can improve the athletes' aerobic exercise ability, improve the athletes' backward swimming speed, and improve the athletes' stroke frequency. However, it has some negative effects on the athletes' speed quality and stroke effect.

References

Chatard J., & Cseneg as X. (1995). Selles Metal wet suit effect a comparison between competitive swimmers and triathletes. Med Seo Sports Exercises. 27, 580-586.

Chen, C. (2017). Research on the Pre-competition Training Arrangement of the National Open Water Swimming Team for the 2016 Rio Olympics. Master's Thesis, Beijing Sport University.

Dai, W., & Pan, Y. (2008). The impact of adding open water (marathon) swimming to the 2008 Olympic Games on the development of mass swimming in my country. Science and Technology Information (Science Teaching and Research), 15, 167-168.

Dragunov, P.F. (2008). Game tactics. Swimming Quarterly, 2,27-30.

Faulkner, J.A., Daniels, J.T., & Balke, B. (1967). Effects of training at moderate altitude on physical performance capacity. Journal of Applied Physiology, 23(1), 85–89.

Hong, L. (2018). Research on the Effects of Altitude Training on the Physiological Function and Training Characteristics of Curling Players. Master's Thesis, Qinghai Normal University.

Hu, Y., & Yu, K. (2001). Discussion on the basic principles and applications of altitude training method. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, 4, 59-62.

Meng, X. (2018). Research on the Water Training Characteristics of the National Swimming Team Marathon Swimming Group in 2015-2016. Master's Thesis, Beijing Sport University.

Song, X., Lu, Y., Wang, B., Gao, Y., Yan, H., & Wang, J. (2017). Study on the Changes of Cardiac Function of Children and Adolescent Swimmers During Altitude Training. China Sports Science and Technology. 5, 101-109.

Wang, Y. (2006). Introduction to the World Open Water (Marathon) Game Project. Swimming, 4, 50-56.

Yang, Z., & Yang, J. (2007). Pace research status of middle and long-distance freestyle events. Journal of Physical Adult Education, 2,37-39.

Zhang, G., Han, Z., Chen, G., Yang, X., Yao, Y., & Zhang, W. (2002). Research on the development process of altitude training at home and abroad. Gansu Sports Science Research Institute, Gansu "Sports Research" editorial department. Sports Research. 85(1), 14-21

Zhang, J., Li, Y., Zhou, X., & Kong, D. (2016). Study on stroke frequency, stroke length, and speed of elite female 200m swimmers during competition. Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University. (01),124-128.

Zhang, Z. (2008). Strategic review of open water game preparations for the 2008 Olympic Games. Swimming, 1, 26-28.

Zhong, Y. (2006). Study on mid-swim speed, stroke frequency, and stroke length changes of female athletes at different levels in 50m freestyle swimming. Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University, 2, 93-96.